The Gram Stain

Bartholomew, J. W.; Mittwer, Tod

doi:10.1128/br.16.1.1-29.1952

Cited by 190 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Gram Staining GBS strains were inoculated (OD600, 0.05) in THB 1% glucose medium in a tube from an overnight culture in the same medium. After static incubation at 37 • C for 24 h, Gram staining was performed [32,33].…”

Section: Growth Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

12/111phiA Prophage Domestication Is Associated with Autoaggregation and Increased Ability to Produce Biofilm in Streptococcus agalactiae

et al. 2021

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CC17 Streptococcus agalactiae carrying group-A prophages is increasingly responsible for neonatal infections. To investigate the impact of the genetic features of a group-A prophage, we first conducted an in silico analysis of the genome of 12/111phiA, a group-A prophage carried by a strain responsible for a bloodstream infection in a parturient. This revealed a Restriction Modification system, suggesting a prophage maintenance strategy and five ORFs of interest for the host and encoding a type II toxin antitoxin system RelB/YafQ, an endonuclease, an S-adenosylmethionine synthetase MetK, and an StrP-like adhesin. Using the WT strain cured from 12/111phiA and constructing deleted mutants for the ORFs of interest, and their complemented mutants, we demonstrated an impact of prophage features on growth characteristics, cell morphology and biofilm formation. Our findings argue in favor of 12/111phiA domestication by the host and a role of prophage features in cell autoaggregation, glycocalyx and biofilm formation. We suggest that lysogeny may promote GBS adaptation to the acid environment of the vagina, consequently colonizing and infecting neonates.

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Section: Growth Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

12/111phiA Prophage Domestication Is Associated with Autoaggregation and Increased Ability to Produce Biofilm in Streptococcus agalactiae

et al. 2021

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“…Gram staining was performed using the method of Bartholomew & Mittwer (1952). Transmission electron microscopy was performed as described previously (Yoneda et al, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A thermophilic, hydrogenogenic and carboxydotrophic bacterium, Calderihabitans maritimus gen. nov., sp. nov., from a marine sediment core of an undersea caldera

Yoneda

Yoshida

Yasuda

et al. 2013

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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A hydrogenogenic, carboxydotrophic marine bacterium, strain KKC1T, was isolated from a sediment core sample taken from a submerged marine caldera. Cells were non-motile, Gram-stain-negative, 1.0–3.0 µm straight rods, often observed with round endospores. Strain KKC1T grew at 55–68 °C, pH 5.2–9.2 and 0.8–14 % (w/v) salinity. Optimum growth occurred at 65 °C, pH 7.0–7.5 and 2.46 % salinity with a doubling time of 3.7 h. The isolate grew chemolithotrophically, producing H2 from carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation with reduction of various electron acceptors, e.g. sulfite, thiosulfate, fumarate, ferric iron and AQDS (9,10-anthraquinone 2,6-disulfonate). KKC1T grew heterotrophically on pyruvate, lactate, fumarate, glucose, fructose and mannose with thiosulfate as an electron acceptor. When grown mixotrophically on CO and pyruvate, C16 : 0 constituted almost half of the total cellular fatty acids. The DNA G+C content was 50.6 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of KKC1T was most closely related to those of members of the genus Moorella with similarity ranging from 91 to 89 %. Based on physiological and phylogenetic novelty, we propose the isolate as a representative of a new genus and novel species with the name Calderihabitans maritimus gen. nov., sp. nov.; the type strain of the type species is KKC1T ( = DSM 26464T = NBRC 109353T).

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“…Gram reactions were performed by the method described by Bartholomew and Mittwer. 16 The morphological features of cells were determined using SEM. The slides were fixed using 5% (v/v) glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer overnight, then subjected to serial dehydration from 30% ethanol to 100% ethanol for 15 mins on each step and kept in a desiccator overnight.…”

Section: Biochemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spodiobacter cordis gen. nov. sp. nov., a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from patients with infective endocarditis

Tomida

Fujiwara

Naka

et al. 2019

Microbiology and Immunology

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Two gram‐negative, catalase‐negative, oxidase‐positive strains (PAGU 1467T and PAGU 1468) isolated from patients with infective endocarditis were investigated to determine their taxonomic status. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the two strains were members of the Bergeyella‐Chryseobacterium‐Riemerella branch of the family Flavobacteriaceae. Strains PAGU 1467T and PAGU 1468 were highly related to each other (98.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Phylogenetically closely‐related species to PAGU 1467T comprised Bergeyella zoohelcum (95.0% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Riemerella anatipestifer (94.3%) and Cloacibacterium normanense (94.3%). The major fatty acids of the two isolates were iso‐C15:0, iso‐C17:0 3‐OH and iso‐C15:0 3‐OH. The presence of C16:0 3‐OH and iso‐C15:0 2‐OH allowed these isolates to be distinguished from B. zoohelcum. Menaquinone MK‐6 was the only respiratory quinone in these organisms; this is a consistent characteristic of the family Flavobacteriaceae. The guanine‐plus‐cytosine content of the genomic DNA was 42.0%, which is higher than that of other close phylogenetic relatives. On the basis of their phenotypic properties and genetic distinctiveness, isolates PAGU 1467T and PAGU 1468 were classified within the novel genus Spodiobacter, as Spodiobacter cordis gen. nov., sp. nov., which is also the type species. The type strain of S. cordis is PAGU 1467T ( = CCUG 65564T = NBRC 109998T).

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The Gram Stain

Cited by 190 publications

References 86 publications

12/111phiA Prophage Domestication Is Associated with Autoaggregation and Increased Ability to Produce Biofilm in Streptococcus agalactiae

12/111phiA Prophage Domestication Is Associated with Autoaggregation and Increased Ability to Produce Biofilm in Streptococcus agalactiae

A thermophilic, hydrogenogenic and carboxydotrophic bacterium, Calderihabitans maritimus gen. nov., sp. nov., from a marine sediment core of an undersea caldera

Spodiobacter cordis gen. nov. sp. nov., a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from patients with infective endocarditis

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