The Gut-Bone Axis in Diabetes

Maagensen, Henrik; Helsted, Mads M.; Gasbjerg, Lærke S.; Vilsbøll, Tina; Knop, Filip K.

doi:10.1007/s11914-022-00767-2

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…Furthermore, studies observed that mice with knockout of the GLP-1R gene, as well as animals with knockout of both incretin receptors, demonstrated a decline in bone quality and strength, along with a reduction in cortical area. These mice also exhibited a decrease in collagen maturity [22,23].…”

Section: The Impact Of Glp-1 On Bone Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 93%

Incretins Beyond the Pancreas: Exploring the Impact of GIP and GLP-1/2 on Bone Remodeling

Zhao,

Sun,

Ren

2024

Discovery Medicine

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Incretin hormones, such as glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 and 2 (GLP-1, 2), belong to the group of gastrointestinal hormones. Their actions occur through interaction with GIP and GLP-1/2 receptors, which are present in various target tissues. Apart from their well-established roles in pancreatic function and insulin regulation, incretins elicit significant effects that extend beyond the pancreas. Specifically, these hormones stimulate osteoblast differentiation and inhibit osteoclast activity, thereby promoting bone anabolism. Moreover, they play a pivotal role in bone mineralization and overall bone quality and function, making them potentially therapeutic for managing bone health. Thus, this review provides a summary of the crucial involvement of incretins in bone metabolism, influencing both bone formation and resorption processes. While existing evidence is persuasive, further studies are necessary for a comprehensive understanding of the therapeutic potential of incretins in modifying bone health.

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Section: The Impact Of Glp-1 On Bone Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 93%

Incretins Beyond the Pancreas: Exploring the Impact of GIP and GLP-1/2 on Bone Remodeling

Zhao,

Sun,

Ren

2024

Discovery Medicine

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“…Таким образом, рецепторы ГИП / ГПП-1 / ГПП-2 могут стать перспективными фармакологическими мишенями для профилактики переломов у пациентов с остеопорозом и, возможно, также другими заболеваниями костей, например у больных СД [88].…”

Section: влияние гпп-1 на костную тканьunclassified

Physiology and pharmacology of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor

Kurkin,

Bakulin,

Morkovin

et al. 2024

Farm. farmakol. (Pâtigorsk)

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Modern approaches to the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are aimed not only at glycemic control, but also at reducing cardiovascular risks. The increasing prevalence of the disease and the need for effective treatment options highlight the importance of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in the pharmacotherapy structure.The aim of the work was to review the literature regarding the physiology of GLP-1 and the therapeutic potential and development trends of its agonists.Materials and methods. The search for the review materials was carried out using the abstract databases of PubMed, Google Scholar and e-Library. The search was carried out for publications from 2000 to 2023, using the following keywords: “GLP-1”; “GLP-1R agonists”; “GIP”; “exenatide”; “liraglutide”; “dulaglutide”; “semaglutide”; “lixisenatide”; “albiglutide”; “taspoglutide” taking into account various spellings.Results. The interaction of almost all food components with enteroendocrine cells of the intestine leads to the secretion of incretins (primarily GLP-1) into the blood, triggering a complex of physiological reactions aimed primarily at the rapid utilization of incoming glucose (regulation of insulin and glucagon secretion), as well as the central regulation of dietary behavior (slowing gastric emptying and the formation of a feeling of satiety). A wide distribution of the GLP-1 receptor in various tissues and organs, its connection with intracellular signaling cascades aimed at launching energy-consuming remodeling (recovery) processes in endothelial cells, heart, neurons, beta cells, etc., is the basis for a wide range of pleiotropic effects of GLP-1 unrelated to its hypoglycemic effect. The discovery of synthetic GLP-1 receptor agonists with a long period of action has made it possible not only to therapeutically influence various parts of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, but also to increase the functional reserves of the target diabetes organs, reducing the risk of developing complications of the disease. Incretin-like drugs are well tolerated, with nausea being the most common side effect. The factors limiting a wider use of the drugs include their high cost and the preferred form of a subcutaneous solution. The current research is focused on the development of long-acting, oral, dual and triple agonists, fixed-dose combinations, and small molecule drugs.Conclusion. GLP-1 receptor agonists are a class of effective and safe drugs for the treatment of diabetes and obesity, which is rapidly developing in the most advanced areas of pharmacy. A further development of this group and the solution of the identified problems will open up new opportunities for the treatment of diabetes and its complications.

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“…Glucagon like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is co-secreted with GLP-1 and acts locally in the gastrointestinal tract [8]. The three gastrointestinal hormones decrease bone resorption [9]. The effect may be direct or indirect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of incretins on skeletal health

Starup-Linde

Hygum

Langdahl

2023

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes &Amp; Obesity

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Purpose of reviewThe incretin hormones, glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), have been shown to decrease bone resorption in humans. The aim of this review is to collate evidence and current advances in the research within the last year on the effect of incretins on skeletal health. Recent findingsPreclinical studies show potential direct beneficial effects on bone by GLP-1 and GIP, however real world epidemiological data show no effects of GLP-1 receptor analogues on fracture risk. This may be due to the weight loss accompanied by GLP-1 treatment which may have detrimental effects on bone. GIP is shown to reduce bone resorption and increase bone formation. Further evidence suggests an additive effect of GIP and glucagon like peptide-2, which could affect bone by different mechanisms.

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The Gut-Bone Axis in Diabetes

Cited by 5 publications

References 100 publications

Incretins Beyond the Pancreas: Exploring the Impact of GIP and GLP-1/2 on Bone Remodeling

Incretins Beyond the Pancreas: Exploring the Impact of GIP and GLP-1/2 on Bone Remodeling

Physiology and pharmacology of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor

Effect of incretins on skeletal health

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