The health consequence of rising housing prices in China

The impact of housing prices on residents’ health: a systematic review

“…Seven studies focused on mental health as the outcome variable—utilizing various measures, including self-rated mental health, standardized scales for depression or anxiety, and receipt of pharmaceutical prescriptions [ 22 , 32 , 33 , 35 , 40 , 41 ]. Nine studies analyzed the impact of housing prices on physical health—utilizing various measures of physical health, including objective assessments of physical health (e.g., body mass), self-rated physical health assessments, reports of specific health conditions (e.g., COVID-19), reported health behaviours (e.g., alcohol use, smoking), and mortality ( [ 24 , 28 , 29 , 37 , 44 , 30 , 36 , 38 , 39 ]). Seven studies included both physical and mental health measures as their outcome variable [ 19 , 20 , 23 , 26 , 27 , 34 , 45 ].…”

“…(2020) [ 30 , 38 , 39 ] Atalay et al (2017); Wang & Liang (2021); Sung & Qiu. (2020); De & Segura-Escano (2021) [ 27 , 30 , 38 ] Chen et al (2021); Arcaya et al (2020); Yuan et al (2020); Wei et al (2021); Xu & Wang (2021) [ 20 , 21 , 26 , 32 , 36 ] Positive Effect Yue & Ponce (2021); Atalay et al (2017); Wang & Liang (2021) [ 19 , 27 , 31 ] Yue & Ponce (2021). Wang & Liang (2021) [ 19 , 31 ] Fichera & Gathergood (2016); Feng & Nie (2022); Hamoudi, & Dowd (2013); Ratcliffe (2015) [ 23 , 34 , 37 , 40 ] Yue & Ponce (2021); Ratcliffe (2015).…”

“…Arcaya et al (2020); Yuan et al (2020); Wei et al (2021); Xu & Wang (2021) [ 20 , 21 , 26 , 32 , 36 ]…”

“…The most common strategy for accounting for this has been to include other indicators that might capture area level improvements. Indeed, most studies controlled for both individual characteristics or variables, such as age, gender, marital status, years of education, race/ethnicity, and employment status [ 20 , 23 – 27 , 29 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 35 , 37 , 39 – 41 , 45 ], and a variety of economic factors, including individual income, country-level median income, and local area characteristics [ 19 , 22 – 28 , 30 , 32 , 36 – 40 , 44 , 45 ]. These factors are important to control for because rising housing prices can indicate a growing economy in which there are substantial improvements to neighbourhoods and communities [ 27 , 29 , 33 , 38 , 40 ].…”

“…29,647 observations mental health Location: China Timeframe: 2012, 2014, 2016 Data: Cross- sectional secondary analysis of China Family Panel Study; House price data came from the CEInet statistics database Analysis: Regression modelling, coefficients reported Outcome: Physical health measured using four health indicators leading to a complex index (ranging from 0–1); Mental health measured by average value from 20 questions (ranging from 1 to 4). Higher the value, worse the mental and physical health Explanatory: Housing price data from CEInet statistics database Mediating/Moderating : Number of owner-occupied houses; Net housing value Confounding: Year fixed effects; Regional year fixed effects; Country-individual fixed effects -Housing prices have a significant positive impact of the physical healthof residents (-0.050, P < 0.05) and a negative impact on mental health (0.161, P < 0.01) Chun (2020) [ 35 ] N: 191,121 people Location: South Korea Timeframe: 2009–2015 Data: Longitudinal design using Korea Health Panel data; Korea Appraisal Board data for the housing price index Analysis: Empirical analysis of the impact of house price changes on depression, coefficients, and OR reported Outcome: Depression (as a proxy of mental health) Explanatory: Korea appraisal board housing price data Confounding: Sex; Age; Marital status; Number of households members; Education level; Status of employment; Income; Smoking; Drinking Mediating/Moderating; Homeownership vs. renters, -The rise in housing prices, decreases likelihood of depression for homeowners (-0.01, P < 0.05), and renters (-0.01, statistically insignificant) Xu & Wang (2021) [ 36 ] N: 9,515 people Location: 9 provinces of China Timeframe : 2000–2011 Data: Longitudinal study design using China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) including data on health status and behaviors. Housing price data from the China Real Estate Statistics Yearbook.…”