The hepatitis delta genotype 8 in Northeast Brazil: The North Atlantic slave trade as the potential route for infection

Santos, Max Diego Cruz; Gomes‐Gouvêa, Michele Soares; Nunes, Jomar Diogo Costa; Barros, Lena María; Carrilho, Flair José; Ferreira, Adalgisa de Sousa Paiva; Pinho, João Renato Rebello

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2016.08.003

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Interestingly, HDV‐8 strains have also been recently characterized in northeast Brazil, with a link to HBV strains belonging to subgenotype D4. The authors hypothesized an African origin through the slave trade, which is supported by historical links between this Brazilian region and Africa …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Genetic diversity and worldwide distribution of the deltavirus genus: A study of 2,152 clinical strains

Gal

Brichler

Drugan³

et al. 2017

Hepatology

117

129

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Genetic diversity and worldwide distribution of the deltavirus genus: A study of 2,152 clinical strains

Gal

Brichler

Drugan³

et al. 2017

Hepatology

117

129

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“…Anti‐Delta antibodies were found in two states, namely Ceará (2.2%) and Pernambuco (2.1%). With the exception of two studies performed in Maranhão state, where a prevalence of HDV infection was respectively 3.8% (5/133) and 8.7% (8/92), there are no other reports on HDV prevalence in this region. In addition, the two remaining states that were not covered by this study belong to this region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Hepatitis D infection in Brazil: Prevalence and geographical distribution of anti‐Delta antibody

Lago

Mello

Barros

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Virology

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In Brazil, the Amazon Basin is endemic for hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection; however, studies in other regions of the country are scarce. This study aims to map the seroepidemiological situation of anti-Delta antibodies in chronic hepatitis B carriers in all five Brazilian geographic regions. Serum samples from 1240 HBsAg positive individuals (55.4% men; mean age 43.1 ± 13.4 years) from 24 of 26 Brazilian states were tested for the presence of anti-Delta antibodies using a commercial immunoassay. Anti-Delta antibodies were detected in 40 samples (3.2%; 52.5% female; mean age of 38.1 ± 13.8 years). Age less than 20 years was significantly associated with anti-HDV positivity (P < 0.001). The distribution of anti-Delta differed markedly in the diverse regions of the country. The highest prevalence of anti-HDV was found in the North (8.5%; P < 0.001), followed by Central West (2.5%), Southeast (1.7%), Northeast (0.8%), and South (0.0%). Anti-Delta antibodies were detected in 12 states, but more than 60% of the positive cases were observed in two states, Amazonas and Acre, located in the western portion of the Amazon region. The overall HDV prevalence of 3.2% emphasizes that HDV is far from being a disease under control in Brazil. Despite the low HDV prevalence in non-endemic regions, this infection persists as a major concern in two states (Acre and Amazonas) in the north of the country, indicating that a continuous epidemiological surveillance program should be implemented in all Brazilian regions.

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“…Particularly, African HDV genotypes (i.e., HDV-1 and HDV-5 to -8) are poorly quantified by almost all available assays and are either undetected or dramatically underestimated (11). These different genotypes originally had a specific geographic distribution; however, due to ancient or recent migrations of populations, this genetic variability is now encountered in different countries worldwide (9)(10)(11)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). In this respect, France, where genotypes HDV-5 to -8 representing 20% of spreading strains were characterized, is an outstanding example (26,27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Characteristics of a New Consensus Commercial Kit for Hepatitis D Virus RNA Viral Load Quantification

et al. 2017

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Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is responsible for fulminant hepatitis and liver failure and accelerates evolution toward cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients. To date, treatment relies upon long-term administration of pegylated alpha-interferon with a sustained virological response in 30% of the patients. Very recently, new, promising anti-HDV therapies have been developed and are already being used in clinical trials. HDV RNA viral load (HDVL) monitoring must be an integral part of the management of the infected patients. However, HDV genus is characterized by a high genetic variability into eight genotypes (HDV-1 to -8), and most available in-house or commercial assays are useful for only a limited subset of genotypes. Results of a comparison of the performance of a new kit for HDVL quantification with the consensus in-house assay of the French National Reference Laboratory for HDV developed in 2005 are reported here. A total of 611 clinical samples of all HDV genotypes with various HDVL values, including several consecutive samples over several years from 36 patients, were studied. A specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility evaluation was conducted using HDV-positive clinical samples, hepatitis A, B, C and E (HAV, HBV, HCV, and HEV, respectively) and HIV mono-infected samples, and the WHO HDV RNA international standard. Overall results were strictly comparable between the two assays (median difference, 0.07 log IU/ml), with high diagnosis precision and capacity. In summary, this new kit showed high performance in detection/quantification of HDVL, regardless of the genotype of the infecting strain used, and seems to be a suitable tool for patient management.

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The hepatitis delta genotype 8 in Northeast Brazil: The North Atlantic slave trade as the potential route for infection

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Genetic diversity and worldwide distribution of the deltavirus genus: A study of 2,152 clinical strains

Genetic diversity and worldwide distribution of the deltavirus genus: A study of 2,152 clinical strains

Hepatitis D infection in Brazil: Prevalence and geographical distribution of anti‐Delta antibody

Performance Characteristics of a New Consensus Commercial Kit for Hepatitis D Virus RNA Viral Load Quantification

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