The Hypoglycaemic Effect of Oleanonic Acid Isolated From Pilea Elizabethae in a Rat Model

Lindo, Ruby Alexander; Salmon, Coleen; McGrowder, Donovan

doi:10.22159/ijcpr.2017v9i6.23431

Cited by 3 publications

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“…To date, a large amount of research on plants has led to the extraction of phytochemicals with hypoglycaemic properties. For example, the traditional plants, Flinders rose ( Capparis spinosa ) [ 9 ], Garlic ( Allium sativum ) [ 10 ], and Pilea elizabethae [ 11 ] are a few of the plants that have been studied and shown to have hypoglycaemic activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Isolation of Hypoglycaemic Compounds from Desmodium canum and Their Synergistic Effect on Blood Glucose Levels in Euglycaemic Sprague Dawley Rats

Lattibeaudiere

Porter

Alexander-Lindo

2020

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Desmodium canum (Strong back) commonly consumed as a tea or tonic is believed to possess hypoglycaemic activity. This paper sets out to isolate potential hypoglycaemic compounds present within the plant and investigate their synergistic effects on blood glucose levels in euglycaemic Sprague Dawley rats. The milled plant was sequentially extracted using hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The ethyl acetate extract was subjected to column chromatography yielding seven major fractions and were subsequently bioassayed using the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). Further chromatographic separation and analysis using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy enabled the identification of two hypoglycaemic compounds, oleic acid (OA) and succinic acid (SA). These were bioassayed individually and as a cocktail to determine the synergistic effects using OGTT. Intravenous administration of these compounds individually indicated both are very potent in retarding blood glucose levels. However, the most significant activity was observed on synergistic administration. The cocktail (1 : 1) displayed significant hypoglycaemic activity throughout the entire study. It also significantly differed from OA at the 120 min interval (3.43 ± 0.22 mmol/L vs. 4.98 ± 0.19 mmol/L, resp., p = 4.29 × 10 − 7 ) and significantly differed from SA at 30 min (3.95 ± 0.43 mmol/L vs. 5.17 ± 0.32 mmol/L, resp., p = 0.003 ), 90 min (4.35 ± 0.36 mmol/L vs. 5.49 ± 0.69 mmol/L, resp., p = 0.04 ), and 120 min intervals (3.43 ± 0.22 mmol/L vs. 4.94 ± 0.31, resp., p = 1.54 × 10 − 5 ). Oral administration of the cocktail showed comparable potency to that of metformin ( p > 0.05 ) throughout the OGTT curve. The synergistic effects of the naturally isolated compounds yielded higher potency levels than individual administration and when administered orally, the hypoglycaemic effect was similar to that of metformin. This may assist in paving a way to attempt a novel method in approaching antidiabetic therapy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Isolation of Hypoglycaemic Compounds from Desmodium canum and Their Synergistic Effect on Blood Glucose Levels in Euglycaemic Sprague Dawley Rats

Lattibeaudiere

Porter

Alexander-Lindo

2020

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was used to determine the effect of the crude extracts on blood glucose levels. The study was done similarly to the method described by Alexander-Lindo, Salmon & McGrowder [19]. Twenty-four (24) normal S-D rats were obtained from the Animal House and divided into 4 groups (n = 6).…”

Section: The Effects Of Crude Extracts On Blood Glucose Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phytochemical and pharmacological screening of three crude extracts of Desmodium canum (strong back)

et al. 2020

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Introduction Desmodium canum (Strong Back) is deemed a versatile traditional medicine, where it is used to treat diabetes, hypertension, asthma and erectile dysfunction. Aim To identify the various phytochemicals present within extracts of D. canum, their antioxidant capabilities and their effects on blood glucose levels, haemodynamic parameters and testosterone levels in healthy Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats. Method Crude extracts were obtained using hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. These were analysed for various phytochemicals and their antioxidant potential assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The extracts were investigated for hypoglycaemic potential using the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), where extracts were administered intravenously (50 mg/kg BW) to fasted rats and their blood glucose readings monitored at 30 min intervals. The hypotensive effect of the extracts were also investigated where rats were administered intravenously at 50 mg/kg BW. These haemodynamic parameters were monitored using the CODA 6 machine at 5 min intervals for a total of 20 min. Additionally, the effect on testosterone level was investigated in male rats where extracts were administered daily by oral gavage. Serum testosterone levels were then determined using an ELISA kit. Results The different extracts showed varying phytochemical and pharmacological properties. The methanol extract showed antioxidant capabilities, while the ethyl acetate extract showed significant hypoglycaemic and hypotensive effects when compared with the control. The hexane extract showed significant activity in increasing the testosterone when compared with the control. Conclusion D. canum extracts showed significant pharmacological activities in normal Sprague- Dawley rats.

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“…The degradation products were analyzed using NMR spectroscopy and GC-MS. Each solvent extract (n-hexane, EtOAc, and MeOH) from the two R. rosifolius varieties was analyzed in a preliminary oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) study, and based on other studies conducted on the extracts from the two fruit varieties, R Hex , WR EtOAc , and R MeOH were the most promising and were therefore the focus of this study (Campbell et al, 2017). The hypoglycemic effects of the crude extracts were assessed using a previously reported OGTT with minor modifications (Alexander-Lindo, Salmon, & McGrowder, 2017). Four to six rats per extract were fasted for approximately 12 hr (overnight), during which time water was given ad libitum.…”

Section: Isolation and Analysis Of Compoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoglycemic effect of the fruit extracts of two varieties ofRubus rosifolius

et al. 2020

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Oral glucose tolerance test on male Sprague–Dawley rats was done to determine the hypoglycemic effect of the n‐hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol fruit extracts (50 mg/kg BW; oral administration) of two varieties of Rubus rosifolius. Metformin was used as a positive control (15 mg/kg BW; intravenous administration). The n‐hexane extract was most potent and was investigated phytochemically to yield compound 1, a mixture of triacylglycerols. In its oxidized state compound 1 produced a significant hypoglycemic effect which was more effective than metformin for the first 30 min of the assay (p = .03) and not significantly different for up to 120 min. Mechanisms through which the oxidized triacylglycerol species could form were explored and presented. This is the first account of the hypoglycemic activity of R. rosifolius and it is also the first account of this activity being credited to compounds other than polyphenols and terpenes in Rubus plants. Practical applications A significant percentage of the world’s population is affected by diabetes and diabetes‐related illnesses. One of the most popular antidiabetic drug on the market is metformin which is used to lower blood glucose concentrations. The findings of this study indicate that an oxidized mixture of triacylglycerols is more fast‐acting than metformin for the first 30 min of an oral glucose tolerance test. This effect was also not significantly different from that of the popular drug up to 120 min. These results demonstrate the hypoglycemic activity of an oxidized R. rosifolius fruit extract and indicate its potential use in applications such as functional food product development and drug discovery. Therapeutic applications can also include the plant extract as a potential primary treatment or as adjunct therapy to conventional medications.

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The Hypoglycaemic Effect of Oleanonic Acid Isolated From Pilea Elizabethae in a Rat Model

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

The Isolation of Hypoglycaemic Compounds from Desmodium canum and Their Synergistic Effect on Blood Glucose Levels in Euglycaemic Sprague Dawley Rats

The Isolation of Hypoglycaemic Compounds from Desmodium canum and Their Synergistic Effect on Blood Glucose Levels in Euglycaemic Sprague Dawley Rats

The phytochemical and pharmacological screening of three crude extracts of Desmodium canum (strong back)

Hypoglycemic effect of the fruit extracts of two varieties ofRubus rosifolius

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