THE <i>SPHAEROTILUS-LEPTOTHRIX</i> GROUP

Dondero, Norman C.

doi:10.1146/annurev.mi.29.100175.002203

Cited by 42 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Eisenausfallungen' is weak . Mineral encrustation does not imply that the structures recognized as Metallogenium are living matter; certain organic matter may concentrate iron and manganese from solution and become encrusted by minerals, as is the case of the organic sheats of dead Leptothrix (Dondero, 1975) . On the other hand, Schweisfurth (1968), citing Brantner, stated that '-die Zellen gram-negativer Stabchen nach aufnahme and Oxydation des Mangans zerfallen -'.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology, distribution and significance of the manganese-accumulating microorganism metallogenium in lakes

Klaveness

1977

Hydrobiologia

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The manganese-accumulating microorganism Metallogenium is very common in the deep water and on the sediment surface in lakes of the Oslo district, southern Norway . Metallogenium accumulates manganese in its star-shaped coenobia ; other trace metals are also greatly concentrated . The taxonomic position of the organism is uncertain . Sections of coenobia suggests that the encrusted parts are not enclosing living structures .In lake Nordbytjern, the occurrence of Metallogenium coincides with periods of turbulence in the lake . By sinking, the population accumulates close to the chemocline, becoming heavily encrusted . Plankton traps indicate that Metallogenium adds to the downward transport and accumulation of manganese and iron in the lake .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology, distribution and significance of the manganese-accumulating microorganism metallogenium in lakes

Klaveness

1977

Hydrobiologia

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“…In many cases it is still unclear whether manganeseoxidizing microorganisms gain an advantage from the process (3,11,19,22). Although it is assumed that some organisms produce specific macromolecules that catalyze the oxidation process (so-called direct catalysis; see reference 19), the data supporting this assumption are usually based on experiments with crude cell extracts and studies of the effects of inhibitors on manganese oxidation (7,8,10,12) Bacterial species belonging to the genus Leptothrix oxidize manganese (6,22). Manganese oxide deposits are never found inside cells, but always in association with extracellular polymers (13).…”

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confidence: 99%

Manganese oxidation by Leptothrix discophora

Boogerd¹,

Vrind²

1987

J Bacteriol

230

145

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Cells of Leptothrix discophora SS1 released Mn2+-oxidizing factors into the medium during growth in batch culture. Manganese was optimally oxidized when the medium was buffered with HEPES (N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid) at pH 7.5. Manganese-oxidizing activity in the culture medium in which this strain had been grown previously was sensitive to heat, phosphate, Tris, NaN3, HgCl2 NaCl, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and pronase; 0.5 mol of 02 was consumed per mol of MnO2 formed. During Mn2+ oxidation, protons were liberated. With sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, two protein-containing bands were detected in the spent culture medium. One band had an apparent molecular weight of 110,000 and was predominant in Mn2+-oxidizing activity. The second product (Mr 85,000) was only detected in some cases and probably represents a proteolytic breakdown moiety of the 110,000-Mr protein. The Mn2+-oxidizing factors were associated with the MnO2 aggregates that had been formed in spent culture medium. After solubilization of this MnO2 with ascorbate, Mn2+-oxidizing activity could be recovered.

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“…Light microscopic examination identified that most of the filaments belong to the filamentous sheathed bacteria. These bacteria, for example Sphaerotilus spp., are often present in activated sludge and flowing water causing technical problems such as pipe clogging and bulking of activated sludge in waste water treatment (Dondero, 1975;Eikelboom, 1975). Furthermore, these microorganisms have the ability to change their morphological structure depending on the substrate and flow conditions (Dias et al, 1968;Suzuki et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Filamentous microorganisms in biofilms or aggregates are known to cause technical problems such as pipe clogging and bulking of activated sludge in waste water treatment (Dondero, 1975). One of the main advantages for bacteria growing as filaments in biofilms is the increased nutrient availability by reaching into the bulk-liquid phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%