The illegal trade in black caviar

Uhm, Daan van; Siegel, Dina

doi:10.1007/s12117-016-9264-5

Cited by 68 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…As most all of the bony fish observed in our dataset were sturgeon, we attribute the high seizure count in bony fish to sturgeon international trade laws and enforcement efforts in the U.S. and Russia, as well as the development of a global aquaculture industry for sturgeon. Our data show that bony fish seizures were at their highest level in the late 1990s, which is likely due to the collapse of sturgeon management systems alongside the dissolution of the Soviet Union, leading to the large-scale criminalization of wild sturgeon stocks [114]. Moreover, in 2000, the OLE joined efforts with Russian authorities on caviar trade issues [115], and PNW wildlife inspectors focused their efforts on preventing illegal imports of caviar, resulting in the confiscation of 22 pounds of sturgeon caviar worth more than $16 million USD in 2001 [116].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 85%

“…By the mid-2000s, sturgeon stocks had plummeted from overfishing and poaching in locations like the Caspian Sea, with the U.S. consuming over half the world's export of beluga caviar [117]. The U.S. reacted by instituting a unilateral ban on beluga imports in 2005, and two years later, Russia implemented bans on sturgeon harvest [118]. These bans on sturgeon capture and import correspond with a decrease in PNW Actinopterygi seizures (Fig 2) and North American beluga imports [119].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends in illegal wildlife trade: Analyzing personal baggage seizure data in the Pacific Northwest

Hitchens

Blakeslee

2020

PLoS ONE

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The illegal import of wildlife and wildlife products is a growing concern, and the U.S. is one of the world's leading countries in the consumption and transit of illegal wildlife and their derivatives. Yet, few U.S. studies have analyzed the illegal wildlife trade (IWT) on a national or local scale. Moreover, to our knowledge, no studies have specifically examined the trends associated with IWT moving through personal baggage. This work aimed to better understand the magnitude of illegal wildlife importation into U.S. ports of entry by determining trends associated with illegal wildlife products from personal baggage seizures, using the Pacific Northwest (PNW) as a specific case study. To identify the most influential factors determining the numbers and types of personal baggage seizures into PNW, we analyzed 1,731 records between 1999 and 2016 from the Fish and Wildlife Service's (FWS) Law Enforcement Management Information System (LEMIS) database. We found five significant contributors: taxonomic classification of wildlife, categorical import date, wildlife product, source region, and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) status. While wildlife seizures across taxonomic categories have generally decreased in the PNW since 2008, other findings provide a reason for concern. More specifically, mammals were identified as the largest animal group of seized wildlife, and temporal trends indicate increases in seizures for this and several other taxonomic groups. Many of the seizures originated from overseas, with East Asia serving as the largest source. Our PNW case study can be a model for how large-scale geographical seizure data can be used to inform about the major factors that have historically and presently contribute to IWT, with conservation implications globally.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in illegal wildlife trade: Analyzing personal baggage seizure data in the Pacific Northwest

Hitchens

Blakeslee

2020

PLoS ONE

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“…Ivory goes beyond monetary value, ‘ it is like having a beautiful piece of valuable gem stone, it shows you have status and money … most people will be impressed by this ’ (Interviews with antiques trader, ivory shop keepers and ivory users, 2015). Ivory products (and other endangered wildlife products) are attractive because they express the financial and social status of the buyer (Cao, 2015; Logan & Radon, 2014; Ngoc & Wyatt, 2013; van Uhm & Siegel, 2016; Wong, 2015b; Wyatt, 2009). Policymakers can draw on techniques from the market reduction approach, which allows enforcement officials to identify buyers’ consumption patterns (Schneider, 2008).…”

Section: Application Of Scp Initiatives To the Illegal Sale Of Workedmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Do you know where I can buy ivory?’: The illegal sale of worked ivory products in Hong Kong

Wong

2017

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology

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Set against the theoretical framework of situational crime prevention theory, this paper analyses the illegal sale of worked ivory products in Hong Kong, which is the city with the highest number of worked ivory products for retail sale in the world. Based on qualitative interviews and open sources, this paper shows that legalising the sale of products made from mammoth tusk and pre-1989 ivory, the low risk of detection, high rewards, justifications made by offenders, and unique situational conditions have collectively (and indirectly) created opportunities for traders to sell worked ivory items illegally in Hong Kong. This paper concludes by offering a discussion on why the illegal sale of ivory products cannot be prevented with situational crime prevention preventive strategies in the long run.

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“…Молекулярно-генетический метод анализа устанавливает способ секвенирования ДНК по Сенгеру с использованием флуоресцентномеченных терминаторов реакции и капиллярного электрофореза [15]. Распространяется на секвенирование участков ДНК разного происхождения с подобранными условиями амплификации при условии получения специфического ампликона без дополнительных полос и допускает изменение качественного состава праймеров для амплификации ДНК.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Modern methods for identification of sturgeons caviar

Harchenko¹,

Igonina

Dunchenko

2020

Vestn. Voronež. gos. univ. inž. tehnol.

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Solving the current problems of improving the quality and safety of food fish products is possible only if modern and objective methods of analysis are used. Ensuring the proper quality and safety of wild fish products produced by enterprises is possible through compliance with interstate and national standards and regulatory documents. Currently operating GOST 30812 "Raw materials and food products. The method of identifying sturgeon fish caviar "based on the establishment of morphological features of sturgeon fish caviar is the result of research work carried out by the Kasprybtestcenter and the Russian Academy of Sciences for the period 1997-1998. The morphological features of sturgeon fish caviar specified in the standard depend on various factors, and do not allow to establish belonging to the species. Morphological signs of caviar (grain size, cytogenetic structure) are changing indicators that depend on many factors that affect the physiological state of fish during cultivation. Modern studies conducted by the standardization and rationing group of the Volga-Caspian branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and oceanocraphy together with the laboratory of molecular genetics of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and oceanocraphy indicate that the more reliable way to identify caviar is to establish molecular genetic features. Genetic features are a stable criterion that reflects the hereditary material of parents. Developed an updated standard "Fish food products. Method for identifying the caviar of fishes of the sturgeon family. " The development of identification methods is based on the use of a complex of visually detectable signs of the macro and microscopic structure of the eggs of sturgeon and paddle-bearing fish species and the molecular genetic method Updated standard "Raw materials and food products. The method of identification of sturgeon fish caviar", supplemented by the modern molecular genetic method of identification of sturgeon fish and oatmeal, will provide a regulatory and technical basis for the functioning of the traceability system from the place of obtaining raw caviar to the store counter, which will significantly reduce the share of illegal, counterfeit and falsified products the functioning of the traceability system from the place of receipt of raw caviar to the store counter, which will significantly reduce the share of illegal, counterfeit and counterfeit products.

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The illegal trade in black caviar

Cited by 68 publications

References 29 publications

Trends in illegal wildlife trade: Analyzing personal baggage seizure data in the Pacific Northwest

Trends in illegal wildlife trade: Analyzing personal baggage seizure data in the Pacific Northwest

‘Do you know where I can buy ivory?’: The illegal sale of worked ivory products in Hong Kong

Modern methods for identification of sturgeons caviar

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