The immune response and protective efficacy of a potential DNA vaccine against virulent Pasteurella multocida

Abstract

Background Pasteurella multocida is the main cause of several infections of farm animals, and the immunity gained from commercial vaccines is for the short term only and needs to be routinely administered, so work on new vaccines against virulent P. multocida is crucial. Results In this study, the OmpH gene was amplified from ten P. multocida strains, and the PCR products were sequenced and analyzed. The results of RFLP analysis of OmpH gene digested by MspI enzyme showed that all of ten strains examined possessed one restriction site and two fragments, 350 and 650 bp. The OmpH sequence of strain No. 10 was cloned into bacterial expression vector pUCP24, and the recombinant pUCP24-OmpH was expressed in E. coli DH5α. Serum samples obtained from the ELISA test from a group of vaccinated rats indicate that the antibodies were present at high titer in immunized rats and can be tested as a vaccine candidate with a challenge. Conclusions In rats infected with the DNA vaccine and inactivated vaccine, a significant increase in serum antibody levels was observed. In addition, the DNA vaccine provided the vaccinated rats with partial protection; however, the protective efficacy was greater than that offered by the live attenuated vaccine. This successful recombinant vaccine is immunogenic and may potentially be used as a vaccine in the future.

Global commercialization and research of veterinary vaccines against Pasteurella multocida: 2015–2022 technological surveillance

“…These results should be interpreted with caution because the protective effects of most of the DNA vaccines investigated during the 2015-2022 period are similar or inferior to those of traditional vaccines. In this regard, many open questions remain, as the protective efficacy of plasmids in many target species, the mechanism of action and the duration of immunity are unknown [76][77][78][79]. Moreover, its greatest challenge will be overcoming the numerous regulations that will govern the presumed application of these vaccines in domestic animals in the future.…”

Advancements in Vaccination Strategies: From Historical Milestones to Modern Innovations in Viral Disease Prevention and Public Health

“…A small portion of the virus genetic information is used in mRNA vaccines to elicit an immunological response (Hu et al, 2022) Viral vector vaccines Vaccines against viral vectors work by modifying a virus to introduce genetic material from the specific pathogen into the body (Stuart et al, 2022) DNA vaccines Genetically modified DNA is used in DNA vaccines to elicit an immunological response (Yassein et al, 2021) Nanoparticle-based vaccines Vaccines based on nanoparticles work by delivering antigens to the immune system via nanoparticles (Bezbaruah et al, 2022) Plant-based vaccines Plants are used as bioreactors to manufacture vaccine antigens in plant-based vaccination (Canada, 2022) to the individual pathogen/(s) and more sensitive to induce optimum immunological responses. Recently we learnt pleasant lessons from these novel technologies vis.…”