The impact of HIV on Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteraemia in a South African population

Abstract

The burden of bacteraemia due to S. pneumoniae in HIV-seropositive individuals admitted to our hospital is considerable. Differences in the S. pneumoniae serotypes/serogroups in HIV-infected patients have been demonstrated with resultant differences in antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Excellent potential for vaccine coverage was demonstrated for both HIV-seronegative and HIV-seropositive individuals. Further studies are necessary to test the clinical efficacy of pneumococcal vaccination of HIV-seropositive adults and children as a potential preventative measure against this prevalent disease.

Community-acquired pneumonia in adult HIV-infected patients: course, treatment, and prevention

“…Отдельного внимания заслуживает инвазивная пневмококковая инфекция (ИПИ), которая более чем в 80 % наблюдений протекает с поражением лег ких и является одной из основных причиной смерти среди ВИЧ инфицированных пациентов [35][36][37][38]. В период до АРВТ пневмококковая бактериемия ре гистрировалась у ВИЧ инфицированных более чем в 100 раз чаще, чем у людей без ВИЧ [39].…”

La vacuna neumocócica conjugada heptavalente (Prevenar™): Diferencias en su efectividad en distintas poblaciones

“…La infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana, la formación defectuosa de anticuerpos congénita o adquirida, la neutropenia, la asplenia anatómica o funcional, los linfomas, la insuficiencia renal crónica, el síndrome nefróti-co y los transplantes de órganos son factores que aumentan la susceptibilidad debido a la depresión inmunológica que ocasionan [40][41][42] . Otros factores predisponentes son: el tratamiento con corticoides, la desnutrición, la cirrosis hepática, la diabetes mellitus, el alcoholismo, la enfermedad cardiovascular crónica, la hospitalización, la fatiga, el estrés, la exposición al frío y las infecciones víricas respiratorias.…”

Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination in Australia: An examination of barriers and arguments in support of the hospital based approach

“…5 Rates of IPD amongst HIV-seronegative adults over 65 years of age in a South African study were found to be 64 per 100,000. 6 However, this picture is likely to worsen in the near future due to the growing impact of HIV/AIDS, as the same study found IPD rates of 197 per 100,000 in HIV-seropositive adults aged 18-40 years. 6 The primary difference between the developed and the developing world in the case of pneumococcal infection is that of mortality.…”

“…6 However, this picture is likely to worsen in the near future due to the growing impact of HIV/AIDS, as the same study found IPD rates of 197 per 100,000 in HIV-seropositive adults aged 18-40 years. 6 The primary difference between the developed and the developing world in the case of pneumococcal infection is that of mortality. 5 Mortality rates in the developing world greatly exceed those in the developed world; the results of a vaccine efficacy study in Papua New Guinea suggested that pneumococcal disease may have previously been responsible for 21% of all deaths in the area.…”