The Impact of Moderate or High-Intensity Combined Exercise on Systemic Inflammation Among Older Persons With and Without HIV

Abstract

Background We investigated whether higher intensity exercise provided greater overall decrease in key markers of inflammation, and whether responses to exercise intensity differed by HIV serostatus. Methods People with HIV (PWH; n=32) and controls (n=37) aged 50-75 completed 12 weeks of moderate-intensity combined exercise then were randomized to moderate- or high-intensity exercise for 12 additional weeks (n=27 and 29, respectively). Inflammation biomarkers were measured at 0, 12, 24 weeks. Mixed and multiple regression models were adjusted for baseline inflammation, age and BMI. Results Baseline TNF-α, sTNFR2, and sCD14 were significantly higher among PWH than controls (p<0.04). From week 0-12, changes in IL-6, TNF-α, sTNFR1 were not significantly different by HIV serostatus. We found no significant interaction between HIV serostatus/exercise intensity on week 12-24 changes in IL-6, TNF-α, sTNFR1. Among high-intensity exercisers, both PWH and controls had significant increases in sCD14 (p≤0.003), controls had significant increases in IL-10 (p=0.01), PWH had a non-significant decrease in hsCRP (p=0.07). Other markers were not significantly different by serostatus and exercise intensity. Discussion Moderate and high-intensity exercise elicited similar effects on inflammation among PWH and controls, with additional beneficial effects seen only among the high-intensity exercisers. Increase in sCD14 and attenuated IL-10 increase (PWH only) merit further study.

CD3+T-cell: CD14+monocyte complexes are dynamic and increased with HIV and glucose intolerance

“…44,45 Furthermore, a study looking at the effects of exercise suggests that PWH are unable to increase IL-10 expression when compared to HIV-negative individuals. 46 In this study, the relationship between the T cell-monocyte complexes and IL-10 and the interaction between hemoglobin A1C and IL-10 reinforces the notion that complexes arise in the setting of inflammation. 47 Taken together, a state of systemic inflammation in PWH, compounded with diabetes and a lack of adequate inhibitory responses, could enhance the presence of the T cellmonocyte immune complexes.…”

Biological ageing with HIV infection: evaluating the geroscience hypothesis

“…Beyond the obvious benefits of increasing muscle mass, cardiovascular endurance, and strength, there have been mixed effects on inflammatory biomarkers. [143][144][145] Although some data are available, 93 further studies are needed to evaluate mitochondrial function and ageing in people with HIV in different contexts (eg, with interventions such as calorie restriction, stress reduction, and exercise). Approaches modifying the diet and microbiome that involve probiotics might lower concentrations of D-dimer but did not affect the microbiome.…”

Exercise Training to Improve Brain Health in Older People Living With HIV: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

“…Research into the efficacy of an exercise intervention in improving physical and brain health in people living with HIV is less established. Longitudinal intervention studies have primarily focused on physical health outcomes, with evidence of improved blood pressures (BPs), cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2 max ), inflammatory markers, physical strength, and body composition in people living with HIV following completion of an EXS training program or other activity programs, such as yoga [20][21][22][23][24][25]. The relationship between exercise and cognitive outcomes in people living with HIV has primarily been assessed using association studies and self-reported levels of physical activity.…”