The Impact of Utilizing Electronic Information Databases on Evidence-Based Practice Among Iranian Pharmacists: A Simulated-Based Survey.

Abstract

Background: Evidence-based medicine (EBM) involves the conscious and careful utilization of the most reliable evidence available when making decisions regarding patient care. EBM can improve treatment plan success, patient compliance, rational use of medications, and healthcare costs. Objectives: This study evaluated the knowledge, attitude, and practice of pharmacists regarding EBM utilization in community pharmacies. Methods: A short questionnaire designed and validated to assess the knowledge and attitudes of community pharmacists. A simulated-patient method (SPM) was used to evaluate the practice one week after completing the questionnaire. Results and Discussion: Within 284 pharmacy visits, the results of 200 pharmacists were collected entirely. The average knowledge score was 37.91 ± 15.4 out of 100. The pharmacists aged 24-29 demonstrated higher knowledge levels than older pharmacists (P=0.042). Furthermore, those who consult more than 30 prescriptions daily showcased a higher knowledge level (P=0.024). Additionally, it was found that pharmacists who utilized the UpToDate® clinical resource exhibited greater knowledge and practice in comparison to others (P<0.001). Most pharmacists had a positive attitude towards EBM and its implementation in the pharmacy (99.5%). The mean score of practice was 50.34 ± 21.35. A direct association was detected between knowledge and practice (r=0.73, P=0.023). There was no association between pharmacists' attitudes and their practice scores. Conclusion: Most pharmacists agreed about the crucial need to incorporate EBM into pharmacy practices. Pharmacists with advanced knowledge of EBM and using UpToDate® showed better knowledge and practice. Registration code: https://ethics.research.ac.ir/EthicsProposalView.php?id=152834