The incidence of thyroid cancer by f ine needle aspiration varies by age and gender

Bessey, Laurel J.; Lai, Ngan Betty; Coorough, Nicholas; Chen, Herbert; Sippel, Rebecca S.

doi:10.1016/j.jss.2013.03.086

Cited by 50 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In our multivariable analysis, increasing age was associated with a lower risk of malignancy. This is consistent with prior reports that indicate a higher likelihood of malignancy for nodules in younger patients . Although the incidence of thyroid cancer increases with advancing age, the incidence of benign thyroid nodules is also higher, and therefore the risk of malignancy may be higher for a nodule in a younger person …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Method of detection of thyroid nodules: correlation with frequency of fine‐needle aspiration and malignancy rate

et al. 2019

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Background: Thyroid nodules are commonly found by screening, and the clinical implications are unclear. Methods: We retrospectively studied 460 patients who were evaluated for thyroid nodules. Medical records were queried to determine how the nodules were detected. We compared the rates of fine needle aspiration (FNA) and malignancy between nodules detected clinically, incidentally on imaging, or by screening. Results: Nodules were detected clinically in 184 patients (40%), incidentally in 121 patients (26%), and by screening in 155 patients (34%). The rates of FNA and malignancy were lower for patients with nodules detected by screening (28% and 1%, respectively), compared to patients with clinically apparent nodules (75% and 15%) and patients with incidental nodules (69% and 8% [P < .001]). Conclusion: Thyroid nodules detected via screening has a lower rate of FNA and is less likely to be diagnosed as a malignancy compared to nodules detected clinically or incidentally on imaging. Thyroid ultrasound examinations should be reserved for nodules that are clinically apparent or to evaluate nodules found incidentally on imaging.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Method of detection of thyroid nodules: correlation with frequency of fine‐needle aspiration and malignancy rate

et al. 2019

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“…In our study, we found that the risk of malignancy did not increase with age in the range from 28 to 63 years. Study has shown that malignant thyroid nodules diagnosed via FNAB are more likely to occur in relatively young women, 22 nodules of papillary thyroid carcinoma found via FNAB. 23 Lin et al also reported the same result.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new ultrasound nomogram for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules

Chen¹,

Zhang²,

Meng³

et al. 2018

Clinical Endocrinology

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Summary Objective The Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI‐RADS) is commonly used for risk stratification of thyroid nodules. However, this system has a poor sensitivity and specificity. The aim of this study was to build a new model based on TI‐RADS for evaluating ultrasound image patterns that offer improved efficacy for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Design and Patients The study population consisted of 1092 participants with thyroid nodules. Measurements The nodules were analysed by the TI‐RADS and the new model. The prediction properties and decision curve analysis of the nomogram were compared between the two models. Results The proportions of thyroid cancer and benign disease were 36.17% and 63.83%. The new model showed good agreement between the prediction and observation of thyroid cancer. The nomogram indicated excellent prediction properties with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.946, sensitivity of 0.884 and specificity of 0.917 for training data as well as a high sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value for the validation data also. The optimum cut‐off for the nomogram was 0.469 for predicting cancer. The decision curve analysis results corroborated the good clinical applicability of the nomogram and the TI‐RADS for predicting thyroid cancer with wide and practical ranges for threshold probabilities. Conclusions Based on the TI‐RADS, we built a new model using a combination of ultrasound patterns including margin, shape, echogenic foci, echogenicity and nodule halo sign with age to differentiate benign and malignant thyroid nodules, which had high sensitivity and specificity.

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“…The influence of the age of the patients on thyroid cancer risk remained poorly defined, with conflicting results [28,29,30]. At multivariate analysis, a highly significant negative correlation between the risk of thyroid cancer and age was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity Does Not Modify the Risk of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in a Cytological Series of Thyroid Nodules

Rotondi¹,

Castagna²,

Cappelli³

et al. 2016

Eur Thyroid J

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Background: A possible impact of obesity on the risk of thyroid cancer has been postulated in some studies, but it remains controversial. Objective: To investigate the association between obesity and differentiated thyroid carcinoma in a population of unselected patients subjected to fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for thyroid nodules. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the results of FNAC of thyroid nodules in 4,849 patients (3,809 females and 1,040 males; mean age 55.9 ± 14.1 years). Patients were stratified according to their body mass index (BMI). There were 1,876 (38.7%) normal-weight patients (BMI 18-24.9), 1,758 (36.2%) overweight (BMI 25-29.9), 662 (13.7%) grade 1 obese (BMI 30-34.9), 310 (6.4%) grade 2 obese (BMI 35-39.9) and 243 (5.0%) grade 3 obese (BMI >40). Results: The prevalence of suspicious or malignant nodules (Thy4/Thy5) did not differ across the 5 BMI groups, i.e. it was 6.8% in normal-weight patients, 6.3% in overweight patients, 6.3% in grade 1 obese patients, 4.0% in grade 2 obese patients and 4.2% in grade 3 obese patients (p = 0.29). The prevalence of Thy4/Thy5 nodules did not differ when males and females were evaluated separately (p = 0.22 and p = 0.12, respectively). A significant, lower rate of Thy4/5 cytology was observed in female patients with grade 2-3 obesity (odds ratio 0.51; 95% confidence interval 0.284-0.920; p = 0.009). Conclusions: The results of this study, in a retrospective series of patients with thyroid nodules, do not confirm previous findings reporting an association between obesity and differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Thus, obese patients with nodular thyroid disease should be managed the same as normal-weight patients.

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The incidence of thyroid cancer by f ine needle aspiration varies by age and gender

Cited by 50 publications

References 20 publications

Method of detection of thyroid nodules: correlation with frequency of fine‐needle aspiration and malignancy rate

Method of detection of thyroid nodules: correlation with frequency of fine‐needle aspiration and malignancy rate

A new ultrasound nomogram for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules

Obesity Does Not Modify the Risk of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in a Cytological Series of Thyroid Nodules

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