The incidence of thyroid function abnormalities in patients attending an outpatient lipid clinic

Tsimihodimos, V.; Milionis, H.; Bairaktari, Eleni; Tzallas, C.; Miltiadous, George; Katsaraki, Afroditi; Liberopoulos, E.; Elisaf, Moses

doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(99)80617-0

Cited by 13 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was 0.8% in normocholesterolemic and 1.4% in hypercholesterolemic subjects, and no case of overt hypothyroidism was diagnosed. There are some other reports that studied in smaller number of patients with dyslipidemia and reported 6.8% (2.2% and 4.6%, overt hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism, respectively) in United Kingdom [6], 7.8% (2.5% and 5.3%) in United States [7], and 7.2% (2.8% and 4.4%) in Greece [9]. Thus, the percentage in our study was comparable to previous studies in the subjects with dyslipidemia, but not as high as that in the studies recently reported in Japanese population [25,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Two patients were being treated with Atorvastatin among the patients of overt hypothyroidism with Hashimoto thyroiditis and 4 were being treated with Atorvastatin among the patients of subclinical hypothyroidism with Hashimoto thyroiditis. There were no cases who were thyroidism in the population with dyslipidemia was reported as 1.4-13.3% [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Series et al [5] measured TC in 2250 people from Glasgow, Scotland and TSH was measured in the 90 individuals who had hypercholesterolemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the prevalence of hypothyroidism in the population with dyslipidemia has been investigated in several previous studies, most of them are the crosssectional and/or retrospective studies and the details remain unclear [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined as serum free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels within their respective reference ranges in the presence of mildly elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Multi-center study on the prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with hypercholesterolemia

et al. 2011

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abstract. Hypercholesterolemia is one of the most representative disorders of the common diseases. To evaluate the prevalence of hypothyroidism in the population of adult hypercholesterolemia, we prospectively examined the thyroid function in patients with untreated or treated hypercholesterolemia as a multi-center survey. Subjects were the patients who were treated with some antilipemic agents or the untreated patients whose total cholesterol (TC) was over 220 mg/dL and/or LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) over 140 mg/dL. Among 737 cases recruited, 725 cases (300 males and 425 females) participated in the survey including the thyroid function test. The patient's backgrounds include hypertension (51%), diabetes mellitus (49%), fatty liver (17%), smoking (15%), and habitual drinking (10%). The 72% of the patients were treated with some antilipemic agents and the mean values of TC, LDL-C, triglyceride (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio were 204.5 mg/dL, 119.6 mg/dL, 144.4 mg/dL, 60.7 mg/dL and 2.25, respectively. The primary hypothyroidism was seen in 27 cases (3.7%) (11 males, 16 females) with subclinical hypothyroidism in 17 cases (2.4%) and overt hypothyroidism in 10 cases (1.4%). The central hypothyroidism was seen in 4 cases (0.6%). The prevalence of hypothyroidism was 4.3% in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Taking account of the large number of patients with dyslipidemia and importance of avoiding unnecessary administration and associated adverse effects, evaluation of the thyroid function could be warranted in patients with dyslipidemia although cost-benefit issues waits further investigation.Key words: Hypercholesterolemia, Dyslipidemia, Subclinical hypothyroidism strongly related to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Recently, new therapeutic reagents such as fibrates and statins have been created and primary dyslipidemia is effectively treated with these reagents [1]. However, they are not low priced and may induce rare but serious side effects such as rhabdomyolysis [1]. Hypothyroidism induces secondary hypercholesterolemia that increases the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events [2], and replacement of low-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Multi-center study on the prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with hypercholesterolemia

et al. 2011

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“…SCH is associated with atherogenic lipid profile (Bindels et al 1999;Tsimihodimos et al 1999;Pirich et al 2000;Tzotzas et al 2000;Vierhapper et al 2000;Efstathiadou et al 2001;Meier et al 2001;Kanaya et al 2002;Caraccio et al 2002;Monzani et al 2004), impaired vascular function (Taddei et al 2003), impaired cardiac function, and increased risk for the development of atherosclerosis and myocardial dysfunction (Hak et al 2000;Biondi et al 2002). With respect to the metabolic syndrome, as might be expected, the prevalence of SCH is higher in patients with metabolic conditions than that in non-metabolic syndrome subjects (Uzunlulu et al 2007).…”

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confidence: 95%

Association between Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2010

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is defined as an asymptomatic state characterized by normal serum levels of free thyroxine and elevated serum concentrations of thyrotropin (> 4.0 μ U/ml). The association between SCH and type 2 diabetes has been well established. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) that is characterized by neovascularization is a leading cause of visual loss in adults worldwide. However, whether SCH is related to PDR has not been studied. This study thus aimed to evaluate the relationship between SCH and PDR in type 2 diabetes. A total of 371 type 2 diabetic subjects were enrolled: 187 subjects with PDR and 184 subjects without diabetic retinopathy (with HbA1c above 6.5% and at least 10 years of diabetes duration). Subjects with PDR had higher blood pressure, higher serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and thyrotropin, and higher urinary albumin excretion rate. Of the 371 diabetics, 83 subjects (22.4%) were diagnosed as SCH (male 12.1% and female 29.9%). The prevalence of SCH in the PDR group (51/187, 27.3%) was higher than that in the subjects without diabetic retinopathy (32/184, 17.4%). Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for compounding variables, SCH was independently related with PDR ( p = 0.032, adjusted OR = 2.485). These results indicate that type 2 diabetic patients with PDR are at an increased risk of SCH. A routine screening for thyroid function may thus be considered advisable in PDR subjects. This may be helpful in investigating new strategies preventing or treating PDR in clinical practice.

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“…T 3 upregulates LDL receptors by controlling the LDL receptors 23 gene activation. Among different thyroid disorder, hypothyroidism is prevalent as one of the common causes for 24 secondary dyslipidemia.…”

Section: Outmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrum of Lipid Abnormality among Thyroid Disorder Patients in Ucms-Th, South Western Region

Gautam

Jayan

Jha

et al. 2018

J Univ Coll Med Sci

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INTRODUCTION:Hypothyroidism is the most common cause of secondary dyslipidemia. Thus, thyroid function test should be carried out before starting any hypolipidemic drugs. Even among thyroid disorder, hypothyroidism is more associated with cardiovascular and associated problems and if not detected earlier, it leads to severe clinical consequences. Our study assesses the frequency and spectrum of dyslipidemia in various types of thyroidal illness in the population residing in south western part of Nepal. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This is a cross sectional study carried out in suspected thyroid disorder patients (n=276) and categorized as Euthyroidism (n=55), Subclinical Hypothyroidism (n=89), Primary Hypothyroidism (n=122) and Primary Hyperthyroidism (n=10) patients and to see the association with lipid profiles in the Department of Biochemistry, Universal College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Bhairahawa Nepal. Serum fT / fT4 and TSH estimations were carried out by competitive 3 ELISA method and Sand-wich double antibody ELISA method respectively using commercially supplied reagents (Human, Germany). The criteria for dyslipidemia was obtained by National Cholesterol Education Expert Panel/ Adult Treatment Protocol III (NCEP/ATPIII). RESULTS:Out of 276 cases the dyslipidemia was observed in 183 cases (66.30%).The dyslipidemia was mostly associated with primary hypothyroidism (55.07%) followed by Subclinical Hypothyroidism (38.04%) than Euthyroid (5.79 %) and Primary Hyperthyroidism (3.62 %) respectively. Out of all cases, the spectrum of dyslipidemia was mostly observed for decreased HDL (18.5 %) followed by increased TG (10.1 %). Moreover, it is significantly differ in relation in HDL (p=0.009), TG/HDL (p=0.02) and Non-HDL/HDL (p=0.033) where as non significant as compared to other lipid profile in different groups. CONCLUSION:Our study revealed the close association of thyroidal illness with dyslipidemia with increased TG, low HDL, increased TG/HDL and Non-HDL/HDL. The increased TG/HDL and/or Non-HDL/HDL could be better indicator than single lipid abnormality which needs to be ascertained prospectively in large population.

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The incidence of thyroid function abnormalities in patients attending an outpatient lipid clinic

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Multi-center study on the prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with hypercholesterolemia

Multi-center study on the prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with hypercholesterolemia

Association between Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study

Spectrum of Lipid Abnormality among Thyroid Disorder Patients in Ucms-Th, South Western Region

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