The Infectious Intestinal Disease Study of England: A prospective evaluation of symptoms and health care use after an acute episode

Abstract

The infectious intestinal disease study of England: a prospective evaluation of symptoms and health care use after an acute episode. Epidemiology and infection, 130 (3 SUMMARYThe sequelae of Infectious Intestinal Disease (IID) in a population-based sample of cases and matched controls were investigated for a period of 3 months following the initial infection. Incident cases of IID presenting to GPs or occurring in the community and controls were studied at 3 weeks and over a 3-month follow-up period. Cases were six times more likely than controls to have gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly diarrhoea, at 3 weeks. Ten per cent of cases consulted their GP in the 3 months after episode and 2 . 3 % were referred to hospital. GP presentation rates were twice as high in cases. Gastrointestinal symptoms persist after IID, leading to an increased likelihood of GP consultation and hospital referral. Diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome may be more likely following IID. The burden of IID is likely to be considerable given its high incidence and the frequency of such sequelae.

Risk factors for indigenousCampylobacter jejuniandCampylobacter coliinfections in The Netherlands: a case-control study

“…This seems paradoxical to observations of other studies that indicated that gastrointestinal infections may be a cause of chronic intestinal illnesses [8][9][10][11][12]. However, it is conceivable that patients with IBD or IBS have a disturbed intestinal function which may facilitate enteric pathogens to cause infection.…”

“…0) 14 (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) Contact with persons with gastroenteritis symptoms outside the household (20) 21 (20) 38 (8) 2 . 8 (1 .…”

“…In addition, several studies have related Campylobacter infections to the development of irritable bowel syndrome and possibly inflammatory bowel disease [8][9][10][11][12]. Due to these complications and the high incidence, Campylobacter infections cause considerable morbidity and economic costs [2].…”

Immunity to Campylobacter: its role in risk assessment and epidemiology

“…Infrequently systemic infections occur, as well as chronic illness and sequelae such as polyarthropathies (in particular reactive arthritis, ReA (Hill Gaston and Lillicrap 2003;Pope et al 2007;Doorduyn et al 2007) or neuropathies (in particular Guillain-Barré syndrome, GBS (Hughes and Cornblath 2005)). Furthermore, acute Campylobacterenteritis may be linked to the induction of irritable bowel syndrome (Cumberland et al 2003;Marshall et al 2006;Gomez-Escudero, Schmulson-Wasserman, and Valdovinos-Diaz 2003) and, possibly, inflammatory bowel disease (Newman and Lambert 1980;Wassenaar, Kist, and de Jong 2007;Karlinger et al 2000). The basis of the diversity in the manifestation of campylobacteriosis is not known but may be caused by differences in the pathogenicity of Campylobacter strains (which may or may not be dose dependent) and/or differences in the host susceptibility (innate or acquired) to the infection.…”

Immune Activation and Gut Microbes in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

“…5 Both retrospective and prospective studies have reported this association and confirmed a significant relative risk of developing IBS following a single episode of bacterial gastroenteritis. 4,6,7 Post-infectious IBS may account for 20 to 30% of IBS patient. These patients, in general, appear to have a better prognosis.…”