The Inflammatory Demyelinating Neuropathies

Bilbao, Juan M.; Schmidt, Robert E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-07311-8_9

Cited by 1 publication

(5 citation statements)

References 170 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Symptoms include impaired sensation, absent tendon reflexes, reduced nerve conduction velocity, prolonged distal latencies, and temporal dispersion [54,55]. Symptoms evolve over several months and are usually related to both sensory and motor nerves [56]. The disease may cause disability in about 50% of the patients [53].…”

Section: Inflammatory Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disease may cause disability in about 50% of the patients [53]. CIDP is diagnosed by clinical symptoms, high protein levels in CSF, NCS revealing a demyelinating process, and sural nerve biopsy for detection of demyelination and inflammation [54,56]. Histopathology of CIDP shows primary demyelination, onion bulbs formation, which is a hallmark of repeated demyelination and remyelination, and macrophages with granular debris [56].…”

Section: Inflammatory Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CIDP is diagnosed by clinical symptoms, high protein levels in CSF, NCS revealing a demyelinating process, and sural nerve biopsy for detection of demyelination and inflammation [54,56]. Histopathology of CIDP shows primary demyelination, onion bulbs formation, which is a hallmark of repeated demyelination and remyelination, and macrophages with granular debris [56]. Macrophage processes penetrating the basal lamina of myelinated fibers are the hallmark of primary demyelination in CIDP and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS).…”

Section: Inflammatory Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Macrophage processes penetrating the basal lamina of myelinated fibers are the hallmark of primary demyelination in CIDP and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Macrophages attack nerve fibers at the node of Ranvier [56]. It is still unknown why the immune system attacks nerve fibers in CIDP.…”

Section: Inflammatory Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is still unknown why the immune system attacks nerve fibers in CIDP. CIDP is treated effectively by corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin administration [53,56,57].…”

Section: Inflammatory Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Autophagy in Peripheral Neuropathy

Osman¹

2017

Linköping University Medical Dissertations

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Peripheral neuropathy includes a wide range of diseases affecting millions around the world, and many of these diseases have unknown etiology. Peripheral neuropathy in diabetes represents a large proportion of peripheral neuropathies. Nerve damage can also be caused by trauma. Peripheral neuropathies are a significant clinical problem and efficient treatments are largely lacking. In the case of a transected nerve, different methods have been used to repair or reconstruct the nerve, including the use of nerve conduits, but functional recovery is usually poor. Autophagy, a cellular mechanism that recycles damaged proteins, is impaired in the brain in many neurodegenerative diseases affecting animals and humans. No research, however, has investigated the presence of autophagy in the human peripheral nervous system. In this study, I present the first structural evidence of autophagy in human peripheral nerves. I also show that the density of autophagy structures is higher in peripheral nerves of patients with chronic idiopathic axonal polyneuropathy (CIAP) and inflammatory neuropathy than in controls. The density of these structures increases with the severity of the neuropathy. In animal model, using Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats with diabetes resembling human type 2 diabetes, activation of autophagy by local administration of rapamycin incorporated in collagen conduits that were used for reconnection of the transected sciatic nerve led to an increase in autophagy proteins LC3 and a decrease in p62 suggesting that the autophagic flux was activated. In addition, immunoreactivity of neurofilaments, which are parts of the cytoskeleton of axons, was increased indicating increased axonal regeneration. I also show that many proteins involved in axonal regeneration and cell survival were up-regulated by rapamycin in the injured sciatic nerve of GK rats four weeks after injury. Taken together, these findings provide new knowledge about the involvement of autophagy in neuropathy and after peripheral nerve injury and reconstruction using collagen conduits. 6 Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattningNervskador (neuropati) orsakade av sjukdomar eller olycksfall påverkar miljontals individer runt om i världen. Nervskador som orsakas av diabetes kallas diabetesneuropati och drabbar varannan patient med diabetes. Neuropati kan också orsakas av kronisk inflammation i nerven eller uppstå utan känd orsak, så kallad kronisk idiopatisk axonal polyneuropati. Patienterna som drabbas av neuropati uppvisar varierande symptom beroende på vilka nerver som drabbas men domningar, stickningar, smärta, känselbortfall och muskelsvaghet finns ofta i symptombilden. Nervskador efter trauma kräver oftast kirurgisk rekonstruktion. För närvarande finns det ingen behandling för diabetesneuropati. Allt fler människor i fysiskt aktiv ålder drabbas av åldersdiabetes (typ 2 diabetes). Detta leder till att fler patienter med diabetes drabbas av traumatiska nervskador som kräver nervreparation. Det är därför viktigt att utveckla reparationsmetoder som fungerar br...

show abstract

Section: Inflammatory Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inflammatory Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inflammatory Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inflammatory Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is still unknown why the immune system attacks nerve fibers in CIDP. CIDP is treated effectively by corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin administration [53,56,57].…”

Section: Inflammatory Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Autophagy in Peripheral Neuropathy

Osman¹

2017

Linköping University Medical Dissertations

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The Inflammatory Demyelinating Neuropathies

Cited by 1 publication

References 170 publications

Autophagy in Peripheral Neuropathy

Autophagy in Peripheral Neuropathy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About