The Inflammatory Profile Correlates with COVID-19 Severity and Mortality in Cancer Patients

Abstract

Background: The correlation of the inflammatory profile with the severity of the disease in neoplastic patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection was addressed. Methods: A database of 1537 patients hospitalized in the pneumology department was analyzed. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 83 patients (67% males, 33% females) were included. Results: Most of the analyzed patients were hospitalized with a moderate form of disease, explaining the significant percentage of 25% mortality. The frequency of the type of neoplasm was higher for lung cancer, followed by malignant colon tumor. We identified a significant association between the increased value of ferritin (p < 0.0001, OR = 22.31), fibrinogen (p = 0.009, OR = 13.41), and C-reactive protein (p = 0.01, OR = 7.65), respectively, and the level of severity of COVID-19. The results of the univariate logistic regression analysis for predicting the severity of the disease revealed that the increased values of ferritin (p = 0.001, OR = 22.31) and fibrinogen (p = 0.02, OR = 13.41) represent a risk for a serious negative prognosis of COVID-19. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the value of the analyzed inflammatory parameters increased in direct proportion to the severity of the disease and that higher values were associated with increased mortality in the study group.