The influence of biodegradation on the loss of a plasticiser from poly(vinyl chloride)

Гумаргалиева, К. З.; Заиков, Г. Е.; Семенов, С. А.; Zhdanova, O. A.

doi:10.1016/s0141-3910(98)00071-8

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Plasticizers, fillers and stabilizers are often added to the polymer to produce the more flexible plasticized PVC (pPVC), extending its range of applications. Some of the most frequently used plasticizers are esters of phthalic acid (such as dioctyl phthalate, DOP) and adipic acid (such as dioctyl adipate, DOA) (Gumargalieva et al, 1999;Roberts & Davidson, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal colonization of soil-buried plasticized polyvinyl chloride (pPVC) and the impact of incorporated biocides

2006

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Plasticized polyvinyl chloride (pPVC) with or without incorporated biocides was buried in grassland and forest soil for up to 10 months. The change with time in viable counts of fungi on the plastic surface was followed, together with the percentage capable of clearing the two plasticizers dioctyl adipate (DOA) and dioctyl phthalate (DOP). With time fungal total viable counts (TVC) on control pPVC increased and the fraction able to clear DOA was considerably higher than the average estimated in both soil types. A total of 92 fungal morphotypes were isolated from grassland soil and 42 from forest soil with the greatest variety of fungal isolates observed on control pPVC. The incorporation of biocides into pPVC affected both fungal TVC and the richness of species isolated. The biocides NCMP [n-(trichloromethylthio)phthalimide], OBPA (10,109-oxybisphenoxarsine) and OIT (2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one) were the most effective in grassland soil, and TCMP [2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-4-(methylsulphonyl)pyridine] and NCMP the most effective in forest soil. In grassland soil, Penicillium janthinellum established as a principal colonizer and was recovered from all pPVC types. DOP clearers were found at much lower levels than DOA clearers, with Doratomyces spp. being the most efficient. At the end of 10 months the physical properties of the pPVC were altered; changes in stiffness were the most significant for heavily colonized grassland-buried pPVC samples, whereas in forest soil, the extensibility of the pPVC was affected more than the stiffness. These results suggest that fungi are important colonizers of pPVC buried in soil and that enrichment of soil fungi capable of clearing DOA occurs during colonization of the plastic surface. The results also demonstrate that incorporated biocides have a marked impact on the richness of species colonizing the pPVC surface.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal colonization of soil-buried plasticized polyvinyl chloride (pPVC) and the impact of incorporated biocides

2006

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“…O sistema estabilizador é parcialmente consumido durante a vida útil dos produtos de PVC podendo não influenciar nos processos de degradação. Cargas e corantes utilizados no PVC podem influenciar as propriedades do produto final e, por consequência, nos processos de degradação [8][9] , constituindo-se no substrato, em potencial, para o crescimento microbiano [10][11][12][13] . Estudos de degradação térmica do PVC [14][15][16][17] indicam que a degradação, sob atmosfera de nitrogênio, ocorre basicamente em duas etapas: a primeira, chamada desidrocloração, apresenta macromoléculas PVC que libera cloreto de hidrogênio (HCl) com a correspondente formação de estruturas conjugadas.…”

Section: Análise Por Espectrometria No Infra Vermelho Por Transformadunclassified

Degradação biológica do PVC em aterro sanitário e avaliação microbiológica

Grisa¹,

Simioni²,

Cardoso³

et al. 2011

Polímeros

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Resumo: O poli(cloreto de vinila) (PVC) é um dos polímeros utilizado no campo das embalagens e no setor calçadista, e, em função da sua aplicação diversificada, apresenta elevados percentuais em aterros domésticos e industriais. É um polímero amorfo podendo apresentar diferentes teores de plastificante e outros aditivos responsáveis pela sua estabilização, os quais podem influenciar no tempo de vida útil e nas propriedades do produto final. Este trabalho apresenta o estudo da degradação química e biológica de filmes de poli(cloreto de vinila) flexível (PVC-f), no aterro sanitário São Giácomo, na cidade de Caxias do Sul/RS, antes e após 330 dias de disposição. As amostras de PVC-f antes e após a disposição no aterro sanitário foram avaliadas por análise térmica (TGA), estrutural (FT-IR) e morfológica (MEV e MO). Observou-se que as amostras de PVC-f dispostas no aterro sanitário (PVC-fa), apresentam um único evento de perda de massa, em relação ao PVC-f não degradado ou virgem (PVC-fv), além de um maior % de perda de massa e de mudanças estruturais. Nas amostras de PVC-fa foram observadas modificações morfológicas importantes para descrever os fenômenos de degradação como erosão da superfície, bioerosão, que propiciaram a ação das leveduras, bactérias e fungos presentes no meio no polímero aterrado. Palavras-chave: Degradação, PVC, aterro sanitário, microrganismos, técnicas microscópicas. Biological Degradation of PVC in Landfill and Microbiological EvaluationAbstract: The poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) is one of the polymers used in the field of packing materials and footwear sector, and due its diversified applications, it has presented in a high percentage of domestic and industrial landfills It is an amorphous polymer and may present different levels of plasticizer and other additives responsible for its stabilization, which can influence the lifetime and the properties of the final product. This work presents the study of the chemical and biological degradation of poly (vinyl chloride) flexible (PVC-f) films, at São Giácomo landfill, in Caxias do Sul city after 330 days of disposition. The samples of PVC-f were evaluated by thermal (TGA), structural (FT-IR) and morphological (MEV and MO) analysis after disposition. Samples of PVC-f disposed to landfill (PVC-fa) showed a single event of weight loss, when compared to PVC-f undegraded or virgin (PVC-fv), besides a higher weight loss and structural changes. In the PVC-fa samples, morphological modifications were observed, which are very important to describe the degradation phenomenon as superficial erosion and bioerosion, which propitiated the action of the yeast, bacteria and fungi present in the environment on the disposed polymer. Keywords: Degradation/biodegradation, PVC, landfill, microorganism, microscopy techniques. IntroduçãoSegundo Chiellini e Solaro [1] , os materiais poliméricos apresentam baixo custo e propriedades características, tais como leveza e praticidade, o que leva a maioria dos usuários, descartá-los sem controle ou inadequadamente, ameaçando ...

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“…Addition of these plasticizers improves the flexibility, processability and extensibility of the PVC products (Wojciechowska 2012). Besides, it facilitates microbial growth when PVC products are disposed into the environment (Nair et al 2009), thereby solving the issue of environmental pollution (Webb et al 1999;Gumargalieva et al 1999;Wojciechowska 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of starch blended polyvinyl chloride films by isolated Phanerochaete chrysosporium PV1

Ali

Ahmed

Iqbal

et al. 2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The accumulation of plastics in the environment is raising great concerns with respect to long-term environmental, economic and waste management problems. The aim of the present research was to investigate the biodegradability of starch blended polyvinyl chloride films in soil burial and controlled laboratory experiments using selective fungal isolates. Clear surface aberrations as color change and minor disintegration in polyvinyl chloride films were observed after 90 days and later confirmed through scanning electron microscopy. The fungal strains showing prominent growth and adherence on plastic films were isolated. One of the strains showing maximum activity was selected and identified as Phanerochaete chrysosporium PV1 by rDNA sequencing. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses indicated considerable structural changes and transformation in films in terms of appearance of new peaks at 3,077 cm -1 (corresponding to alkenes) and decrease in intensity of peaks at 2,911 cm -1 (C-H stretching). It was supported with a significant decrease in the molecular weight of polymer film from 80,275 to 78,866 Da (treated) through Gel permeation chromatography in shake flask experiment. Moreover, the biodegradation of starch blended polyvinyl chloride films was confirmed through release of higher CO 2 (7.85 g/l) compared to control (2.32 g/l) in respirometric method. So fungal strain P. chrysosporium PV1 has great potential for use in bioremediation of plastic waste.

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The influence of biodegradation on the loss of a plasticiser from poly(vinyl chloride)

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Fungal colonization of soil-buried plasticized polyvinyl chloride (pPVC) and the impact of incorporated biocides

Fungal colonization of soil-buried plasticized polyvinyl chloride (pPVC) and the impact of incorporated biocides

Degradação biológica do PVC em aterro sanitário e avaliação microbiológica

Biodegradation of starch blended polyvinyl chloride films by isolated Phanerochaete chrysosporium PV1

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