The Influence of Controller Parameters on the Quality of the Train Converter Current

Abstract

This paper presents a stability analysis of train converters in order to evaluate how the controller parameters affect the absorbed current. The new dynamic model presented in this paper is capable of considering the time-variant nature of the system for the correct tuning of the feedback proportional-integral PI controller, applying a current controlled modulation technique never used in high-power traction converters. The reduction of the harmonic content of the current absorbed by a converter employed at the input stage onboard high-speed trains is really important, considering the interaction with the signaling system set up for traffic control. A computer model of the converter, considering both the power and the control structure, has also been implemented in order to deliver a validated tool for the developed theoretical analysis.

Analysis and Adaptive Mitigation Scheme of Low-Frequency Oscillations in AC Railway Traction Power Systems

“…As the 4QCs are two-level converters [27], four different circuit configurations are obtained on the basis of the switches' status. Therefore, the state-space equations of the model are: , where m denotes the modulation index and  is the load phase angle [14,16,28]. Therefore, assuming a sinusoidal modulated current in=isinωt, (2) can be rearranged as:…”

A brief note on the magnecule order parameter upgrade hypothesis

“…Thus, in contrast to conventional molecules, relatively little is known about the application potential of magnecules, including the underlying physical mechanisms of their characteristic magnecular bonds and electron toroidal polarizations. However, magnecules have already been experimentally-verified in the laboratory [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] and implemented at the industrial level to create clean, cost-efficient, sustainable, power sources such as MagneGas fuel (from recycled liquid waste) [10,11,12,13] and Intermediate Controlled Nuclear Synthesis (ICNS) [3,14,15,16,17]. A groundbreaking feature of both MagneGas [10,11,12,13] and ICNS [3,14,15,16,17] is that neither emits harmful waste and/or radiation-a decisive outcome that favors the general protection of the planet.…”

“…However, magnecules have already been experimentally-verified in the laboratory [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] and implemented at the industrial level to create clean, cost-efficient, sustainable, power sources such as MagneGas fuel (from recycled liquid waste) [10,11,12,13] and Intermediate Controlled Nuclear Synthesis (ICNS) [3,14,15,16,17]. A groundbreaking feature of both MagneGas [10,11,12,13] and ICNS [3,14,15,16,17] is that neither emits harmful waste and/or radiation-a decisive outcome that favors the general protection of the planet. In part, this is due to the fact that magnecular bonds are generally weaker than conventional chemical bonds so synthesis and combustion thresholds exist at relatively low energies [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8].…”

“…For this, ψ L , ψ S , and ψ J are assigned to key locations of H 1 × H 2 [8] at e 1 , p 1 ∈ X 1 and e 2 , p 2 ∈ X 2 to identify and define a conjecture [9] that aims to further characterize H 1 × H 2 's underlying physical mechanisms and inter-locking alignments [8,9] to achieve a theoretical increase in precision that is intended for direct industrial application (i.e. MagneGas [10,11,12,13] and ICNS [14,15,3,16,17,3]). Thereafter, it is hypothesized that H 1 's full electron toroidal polarization helix wavepacket wave-function may be defined (in preliminary complex form) as [9] H 1 : Ψ total (e 1 ) ≡ Ψ(e 1 ) ≡ ψ J (e 1 ) × e 1 (1) from eq.…”

“…In our opinion, Santilli's magnecules [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] are fascinating, cutting-edge creatures that exist in a relatively unexplored, unconquered, and untapped domain with a potentially limitless application to science, technology, engineering, and medicine. The experimental-validation of magnecules and their characteristic magnecular bond [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] has already paved the way for striking industrial innovations such as the clean, sustainable, cost-efficient, safe energy sources like MagneGas [10,11,12,13] and ICNS [3,14,15,3,16,17]. Therefore, it is essential to further subject magnecules [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] to the scientific method by asking questions, proposing hypotheses, and conducting experiments.…”