The Influence of Racial Differences in the Demand for Healthcare in South Africa: A Case of Public Healthcare

Mhlanga, David; Garidzirai, Rufaro

doi:10.3390/ijerph17145043

Cited by 48 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Before the pandemic, the world made a lot of progress in improving the health of millions of people across the world. Progress was made in improving life expectancy and the reduction of some diseases associated with child and maternal mortality [11,13]. The United Nations [10] also stated that the pandemic provides a watershed moment for health emergency preparedness and investment in critical 21st-century public services.…”

Section: Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Lessons Are We Learning on 4IR and the Sustainable Development Goals

Mhlanga

2022

IJERPH

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The COVID-19 pandemic came with disruptions in every aspect of human existence, with all the sectors of the economies of the world affected greatly. In the health sector, the pandemic halted and reversed progress in health and subsequently shortened life expectancy, especially in developing and underdeveloped nations. On the other hand, machine learning and artificial intelligence contributed a great deal to the handling of the pandemic globally. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the role played by artificial intelligence and machine learning in addressing the dangers posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as extrapolate the lessons on the fourth industrial revolution and sustainable development goals. Using qualitative content analysis, the results indicated that artificial intelligence and machine learning played an important role in the response to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Artificial intelligence, machine learning, and various digital communication tools through telehealth performed meaningful roles in scaling customer communications, provided a platform for understanding how COVID-19 spreads, and sped up research and treatment of COVID-19, among other notable achievements. The lessons we draw from this is that, despite the disruptions and the rise in the number of unintended consequences of technology in the fourth industrial revolution, the role played by artificial intelligence and machine learning motivates us to conclude that governments must build trust in these technologies, to address health problems going forward, to ensure that the sustainable development goals related to good health and wellbeing are achieved.

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Section: Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Lessons Are We Learning on 4IR and the Sustainable Development Goals

Mhlanga

2022

IJERPH

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“…Healthcare is demanded as a way for consumers to attain a larger stock of health capital [23]. The demand for health is different from other products because with health individuals allocate resources in a way to both produce and consume health [24][25][26][27]. The Michael Grossman demand for health model explain the demand for health.…”

Section: The Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dynamic Analysis of the Demand for Health Care in Post-Apartheid South Africa

Mhlanga

2021

Nursing Reports

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The study aimed to investigate the drivers of demand for healthcare in South Africa 26 years after democracy. The pattern healthcare demand by households in South Africa is that most households use public healthcare services particularly public clinics compared to private and traditional healthcare facilities. Using conditional probability models, the logit model to be more specific, the results revealed that households head who is unemployed, households who do not have a business, households who were not receiving pension money, had a greater probability of demand for public healthcare institutions. On the other hand, being male, being White, Indian and Coloured, being a property owner and being not a grant beneficiary, reduces the probability of demand for public healthcare facilities in South Africa. As a result, the study recommends more investment in public healthcare but more in public clinics in South Africa due to the high percentage of households using these services. Also, the government must consider investing more in the maintenance and improvement of the welfare of nurses in the country considering the huge role they play in the delivery of healthcare to the citizens.

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“…4 Access to care is a vital element of universal health coverage and a key challenge for South Africa; economic, geographical and racial inequalities together create vast disparities. [5][6][7] The South African government is now in its second phase of implementing National Health Insurance. 8 This second phase has come with an emphasis on strengthened and community-based primary care: a national programme, Re-Engineering Primary Health…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality trends and access to care for cardiovascular diseases in Agincourt, rural South Africa: a mixed-methods analysis of verbal autopsy data

et al. 2021

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ObjectivesCardiovascular diseases are the second leading cause of mortality behind HIV/AIDS in South Africa. This study investigates cardiovascular disease mortality trends in rural South Africa over 20+ years and the associated barriers to accessing care, using verbal autopsy data.DesignA mixed-methods approach was used, combining descriptive analysis of mortality rates over time, by condition, sex and age group, quantitative analysis of circumstances of mortality (CoM) indicators and free text narratives of the final illness, and qualitative analysis of free texts.SettingThis study was done using verbal autopsy data from the Health and Socio-Demographic Surveillance System site in Agincourt, rural South Africa.ParticipantsDeaths attributable to cardiovascular diseases (acute cardiac disease, stroke, renal failure and other unspecified cardiac disease) from 1993 to 2015 were extracted from verbal autopsy data.ResultsBetween 1993 and 2015, of 15 305 registered deaths over 1 851 449 person-years of follow-up, 1434 (9.4%) were attributable to cardiovascular disease, corresponding to a crude mortality rate of 0.77 per 1000 person-years. Cardiovascular disease mortality rate increased from 0.34 to 1.12 between 1993 and 2015. Stroke was the dominant cause of death, responsible for 41.0% (588/1434) of all cardiovascular deaths across all years. Cardiovascular disease mortality rate was significantly higher in women and increased with age. The main delays in access to care during the final illness were in seeking and receiving care. Qualitative free-text analysis highlighted delays not captured in the CoM, principally communication between the clinician and patient or family. Half of cases initially sought care outside a hospital setting (50.9%, 199/391).ConclusionsThe temporal increase in deaths due to cardiovascular disease highlights the need for greater prevention and management strategies for these conditions, particularly for the women. Strategies to improve seeking and receiving care during the final illness are needed.

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The Influence of Racial Differences in the Demand for Healthcare in South Africa: A Case of Public Healthcare

Cited by 48 publications

References 24 publications

The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Lessons Are We Learning on 4IR and the Sustainable Development Goals

The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Lessons Are We Learning on 4IR and the Sustainable Development Goals

A Dynamic Analysis of the Demand for Health Care in Post-Apartheid South Africa

Mortality trends and access to care for cardiovascular diseases in Agincourt, rural South Africa: a mixed-methods analysis of verbal autopsy data

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