The influence of the cultivation technology elements on the economic performance of the bare barley grain production

Abstract

At the educational and experimental field of the Omsk State Agrarian University, the evaluation of the influence of elements of the cultivation technology of bare barley of the Omsk golozernyy variety 2 (chemical background, sowing time, and seeding rate) on the indicators of the economic efficiency of grain production was carried out. On the background without the use of chemicals, as well as when using herbicides on the background of applying nitrogen fertilizer, the cost of grain per hectare is higher when sowing the crop in the third decade of May. The use of only herbicides (without fertilizer) provided a greater cost of grain at an earlier sowing. Among the studied seeding rates, the maximum cost indicators were observed when sowing 4.5 million viable seeds per hectare. The chemical background also influenced this indicator. The cost of grain per 1 hectare increased by 3,227 rubles with the use of a tank mixture of herbicides, as well as by 4,513 rubles with their complex use with fertilizers (in comparison with the chemical background). At the same time, the strengthening of the chemical background led to an increase in costs per 1 hectare by 1,559 and 3,543 rubles, respectively. An increase in the seeding rate was also accompanied by an increase in costs. The use of herbicides did not lead to a significant change in the cost of grain, but the additional use of nitrogen fertilizer led to its growth. The level of profitability in the version with the use of a tank mixture of herbicides coincided with the option without the use of chemicals (113.1%). The application of nitrogen fertilizer reduced profitability to 81.5% despite the fact that their use was justified by an increase in grain yield. Thus, when considering specific options for the cultivation of bare barley, sowing on May 14-18 with a rate of 4.5 million viable seeds per hectare while using the Puma Super 7.5 herbicides tank mixture, EMV (0.9 l/ha) and Turbo Pruner, MD (75 ml/ha) should be allocated.

Seeder for Different Depths of Grain Sowing and Mineral Fertilizers Application

“…Ученые-технологи доказали, что при возделывании зерновых культур на стерневых фонах улучшается водный режим, но возрастает засоренность полей многолетними сорняками и снижается накопление азота, поэтому необходимо применять гербициды и азотные удобрения. Способ посева и внесения минеральных удобрений в значительной мере определяет основу будущего урожая [7][8][9].…”