The Influence of Time Loading and Unloading on Functioningst Complexs of Small Autotransport Systems Cargo Transportation by Transport of Common Use
Abstract: Аннотация. Исследовано влияние времени простоя при выполнении погрузки-разгрузки на результаты работы групп автотранспортных средств в совокупности малых ненасыщенных автотранспортных систем перевозок грузов. Решение задачи представлено на примере перевозок кирпича на поддонах от завода-изготовителя в городе подвижным составом общего пользования. Установлены зависимости результатов работы групп автотранспортных средств в совокупности малых автотранспортных систем, выполнена их проверка на адекватность исследуе… Show more
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Introduction. The emphasis is placed on the development of road transport in the Russian Federation, which is characterized by an increase in traffic carried out by specialized rolling stock of various sizes, a change in the location of cargo-forming and cargo-absorbing points, and the requirements of customers for quantitative and qualitative indicators established in agreements. These conditions ensure to the development of the Russian economy in social significant branches. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for the current planning of the operation of specialized rolling stock of standard sizes of a motor transport enterprise to implement the conditions of contracts for the transportation of goods in the city.Materials and methods. The current planning methodology has been developed as part of a new concept, which is a synthesis of the methods of the theory of road freight transport, the theory of maintenance and current repair of rolling stock. A system analysis, the methods of probability theory and mathematical statistics are used in the studies.Results: - the methodological foundations that made it possible to develop a methodology for the current planning of the work of a specialized rolling stock of standard sizes for a motor transport enterprise to implement the contracts conditions for the transportation of goods in the city;- a computer program, the use of which in the operating of a motor transport enterprise will make possible to carry out planning aimed to implement the contracts terms and make a profit.Discussion and conclusions. The implementation and testing of the current planning methodology for the transportation of goods in the city is carried out in the conditions of a motor transport enterprise in the city of Omsk using a computer program “Planning the work of a motor transport enterprise for the transportation of goods in the city”. A methodology application allowed the motor transport enterprise to make a profit of 14.5% more than the profit that could be obtained by using previously existing methods in planning.Financial transparency: the authors have no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest
Introduction. The emphasis is placed on the development of road transport in the Russian Federation, which is characterized by an increase in traffic carried out by specialized rolling stock of various sizes, a change in the location of cargo-forming and cargo-absorbing points, and the requirements of customers for quantitative and qualitative indicators established in agreements. These conditions ensure to the development of the Russian economy in social significant branches. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for the current planning of the operation of specialized rolling stock of standard sizes of a motor transport enterprise to implement the conditions of contracts for the transportation of goods in the city.Materials and methods. The current planning methodology has been developed as part of a new concept, which is a synthesis of the methods of the theory of road freight transport, the theory of maintenance and current repair of rolling stock. A system analysis, the methods of probability theory and mathematical statistics are used in the studies.Results: - the methodological foundations that made it possible to develop a methodology for the current planning of the work of a specialized rolling stock of standard sizes for a motor transport enterprise to implement the contracts conditions for the transportation of goods in the city;- a computer program, the use of which in the operating of a motor transport enterprise will make possible to carry out planning aimed to implement the contracts terms and make a profit.Discussion and conclusions. The implementation and testing of the current planning methodology for the transportation of goods in the city is carried out in the conditions of a motor transport enterprise in the city of Omsk using a computer program “Planning the work of a motor transport enterprise for the transportation of goods in the city”. A methodology application allowed the motor transport enterprise to make a profit of 14.5% more than the profit that could be obtained by using previously existing methods in planning.Financial transparency: the authors have no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest
Introduction. A quarter of the world’s natural gas and oil reserves are located in the Far North of the Russian Federation. Only with reliable and efficient transportation support is it possible to successfully develop and exploit deposits in hard-to-reach areas. The main factor in increasing the efficiency of road transport and reducing the transport component in the cost of oil and gas is the growth of productivity of vehicles. The paper considers and analyzes the sources of productivity growth of the mobile unit (MU). The characteristics of the organization of work of winter roads in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area) are considered. Winters are characterized by three main characteristics: operation duration, location, use of season duration. The activities of one of the major carriers, IE (individual entrepreneur) V.N. Anokhin, have been analysed. The carrier serves six major deposits and four material supply bases. It is highlighted that the main range of transportation is steel pipes. The transport problem was solved in which consumers were optimally assigned to pipe suppliers. For calculations, the route Korotchaevo base was chosen the Pyakyakhinskoye deposit, with a traffic volume of 2800 tons. Rolling stock was selected, the optimal method for placing pipes on the MU platform was found. The minimum number of rides for transporting the entire volume of pipes has been determined. A technological design and technological schemes for the transported cargo have been developed. The influence of technical and operational indicators on the performance of MU; The economic effect of the proposed activities is calculated.Materials and methods. The work explores the technology and organization of pipe transportation on routes to the conditions of the Far North of the Russian Federation. In order to increase the efficiency of road transport, we used the methodology for choosing a rational rolling stock and a method for placing pipes on the MU platform; methodology for determining the optimal number of rides for the transportation of a given volume of pipes; methodology for assessing the impact of technical and operational indicators on the productivity of MU.Results. The economic effect of the implementation of the optimal technological scheme and the organization of pipe transportation in the conditions of the Far North of the Russian Federation is 38,846 rubles per trip. The transportation on an improved winter road allows the use of higher-capacity MU (37 tons) and makes it possible to transport at an increased average speed of up to 20 km/h. Recommended activities allow to increase the productivity of MU from 0.287 t/h to 1.156 t/h.Discussion and conclusions. Measures were developed to improve the efficiency of road transport in the Far North of the Russian Federation. The results of the work are used in the organization of transportation of pipes on the enterprise under consideration.
Introduction. The industrial sector of Russia is the most important segment of the country’s economy. Until the beginning of the 21st century, large chemical enterprises in Russia were focused on the domestic market. There was a so-called supply strategy formed back in the USSR for the Union Socialist republics. The products of the chemical industry were mainly transported by road around the city and to neighboring regions, the main cargo traffic for longer distances was mastered by rail and river transport. Currently, the largest chemical industry enterprise in the Volgograd region, AO Kaustik, is actively exporting to Europe, South America and Asia. To carry out international transportation of the company’s products, hired tractors with semi-trailers that meet all modern standards of environmental safety are used. The interaction of road transport with rail, river, and sea is actively taking place, effective logistics multimodal systems for the delivery of chemical products are being organized. Road and rail transportation of products is organized with Asian countries, with European countries – by road, rail and sea, with South American countries – by sea. Today, the company’s transport carries out international multimodal transportation to the near and far abroad. The issue of improving the efficiency of road transport is relevant. The paper considers the links of the logistics system of transportation of chemical products of the enterprise between the countries, along the routes: Russia – Netherlands and Russia – Kyrgyzstan. The comparison of road and rail transportation by time and cost on Volgograd – Bishkek route is carried out. The full loading of the vehicle with transport packages according to the calculation takes place in compliance with the loads on the axles of the tractor and semi-trailer. Improving the efficiency of transportation depends on the organization of loading and unloading points, customs control points, movement along routes, and the work of drivers. The statistical regularities of the distribution of the execution time of elements and operations in the loading point of the enterprise are investigated. The ways of organizing the work of motor transport drivers on the international Volgograd – Bishkek – Volgograd route are considered, the calculation of the duration of the elements of the transportation process and their cost is presented.Materials and methods. The paper uses methods of statistical and economic analysis of data on the functioning of the chemical industry in the region. Graph-analytical methods are used to form transport packages and ensure that the car is fully loaded. Methods for determining the shortest distances and drawing up routes on the transport network are used. Methods of organizing the work of drivers are used to ensure single and tour work on the international route. The effectiveness of the proposed measures is evaluated by economic methods.Results. It is revealed that the chemical industry of the region has a stable economic situation that allows it to develop new international markets. The links of the multimodal logistics system for the delivery of the company’s products along Volgograd – Bishkek and Volgograd – Netherlands international routes are investigated. Improving the efficiency of transportation depends on the organization of loading and unloading points. A statistical analysis of the elements and stages of the transportation process of caustic soda was carried out. A scheme for placing transport packages with bags of caustic soda in a semi-trailer of a motor vehicle has been developed. International routes of transportation of products of AO Kaustik using road transport have been developed: Volgograd – Bishkek and Volgograd – Netherlands routes. The mode of operation of motor transport when performing international transportation using tour and single organization of drivers’ work is calculated. We recommend a tour trip as the most effective way to organize the work of drivers. Tour riding is recommended as the most effective way of organizing the work of road transport in the organization of international transportation to near and far abroad. The final price of 1 ton of transported products on the Volgograd – Bishkek route has been determined. The effective functioning of road transport in the international logistics system for the delivery of caustic soda allows you to reduce transport time, transport costs and reduce the cost of a unit of production for the end user.Conclusions. The article develops measures to improve the organization of international transportation of products of JSC «Caustic» using road transport. The final price of 1 ton of products in the Bishkek warehouse, taking into account the initial cost of granular caustic soda and transportation costs in the case of organizing a single driver’s ride, will be 83246 rubles/ton, and for tour driving, respectively, 81355 rubles/ton.
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