The Innovative Directions In Development And Implementations Of Hybrid Technologies In Surface Engineering

Mazurkiewicz, A.; Smolik, J.

doi:10.1515/amm-2015-0362

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Below the nitrided layer, tempering occurs relatively quickly and a soft layer is formed with a hardness below 400 HV. This may cause plastic deformation of the entire surface layer and cracking of nitrided layers due to the loss of base metal stability [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Complex Analysis of the Thermal Softening of Nitrided Layers in Tools during Hot Die Forging

2021

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This article is devoted to the issues of thermal softening of materials in the surface layer of forging tools. The research covers numerical modeling of the forging process, laboratory tests of tempering of nitrided layers, and the analysis of tempering of the surface layer of tools in the actual forging process. Numerical modeling was supported by measuring the temperature inside the tools with a thermocouple inserted into the tool to measure the temperature as close to the surface as possible. The modeling results confirmed the possibility of tempering the die material. The results of laboratory tests made it possible to determine the influence of temperature on tempering at different surface layer depths. Numerical analysis and measurement of surface layer microhardness of tools revealed the destructive effect of temperature during forging on the tempering of the nitrided layer and on the material layers located deeper below the nitrided layer. The results have shown that in the hot forging processes carried out in accordance with the adopted technology, the surface layer of working tools is overheated locally to a temperature above 600 °C and tempering occurs. Moreover, overheating effects are visible, because the surface layer is tempered to a depth of 0.3 mm. Finally, such tempering processes lead to a decrease in the die hardness, which causes accelerated wear because of the abrasion and plastic deformation. The nitriding does not protect against the tempering phenomenon, but only delays the material softening process, because tempering occurs in the nitrided layer and in the layers deeper under the nitrided layer. Below the nitrided layer, tempering occurs relatively quickly and a soft layer is formed with a hardness below 400 HV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Complex Analysis of the Thermal Softening of Nitrided Layers in Tools during Hot Die Forging

2021

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“…Na podstawie wyników badań można przyjąć, że głównym czynnikiem niszczącym jest w tym przypadku zużycie ścierne przez bruzdowanie. niu od procesów krystalizacji zachodzących w atmosferze gazów niezjonizowanych [16,17], podczas krystalizacji w środowisku plazmy jony mogą być sterowane zewnętrznym polem elektrycznym lub magnetycznym [3][4][5]. W rezultacie osadzana powłoka charakteryzuje się znacznie większą gęstością oraz lepszą adhezją do podłoża niż powłoki osadzane w środowisku gazu niezjonizowanego.…”

Section: Wprowadzenieunclassified

“…Dobre właściwości użytkowe, m.in. tribologiczne i antykorozyjne, wykazują również powłoki z azotku chromu (CrN) osadzane metodą łukową Arc PVD [3][4][5][6][13][14][15]. Należy podkreślić, że oba rodzaje warstw/powłok są odporne na podwyższoną temperaturę [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Zwiększenie Trwałości Wybranych Narzędzi Stosowanych W Branży Gumowej Przez Obróbkę Hybrydowąunclassified

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Increased durability of selected tools used in the rubber industry by hybrid treatment

Kasprzycka

Więczkowski²,

Bogdański

2019

Mechanik

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This research concerns hybrid layers of the CrC+CrN type, produced on the tool steel surface in subsequent processes, diffusion chromizing, carried out by inexpensive and technologically simple powder method, combined with the next arc evaporation treatment Arc PVD (arc evaporation physical vapour deposition), made for the deposition of chromium nitride coatings. Investigations of the microstructure of hybrid layers, as well as of their phase composition and concentration depth profiles of elements in diffusion zone of these layers, were carried out. In addition, the layers hardness, their tribological properties (pin-on-disk method) and corrosion resistance have been determined. It has been shown that hybrid layers of the CrC+CrN type are characterized by very good tribological properties at ambient temperature 25°C and at temperature 100°C as well as by very good resistance to corrosion in a solution containing chlorine ions.

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“…Especially, the use of low temperature plasma seems the most universal method of surface modification of polymers, and its rapid development has been observed in the last years. This is particularly because plasma techniques are fast, clean and ecological [24][25][26][27]. Plasma is partially ionized gas (or a mixture of gases) consisting of equal number of electrons, ions and atoms, inert molecules and electromagnetic radiation resulted from a discharges occurred in vacuum chamber.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma deposition of antimicrobial coatings based on silver and copper on polypropylene

et al. 2020

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This paper addresses the issue of plasma treatment of the surface of polypropylene (PP) using sputtering of silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) and their oxides with MS-PVD in order to impart antimicrobial activity. It was found that plasma treatment of PP with Cu and Ag based layers allows to provide excellent antimicrobial properties due to a constant release of metal ions. The samples of PP treated with Cu and CuO were characterized by highest antimicrobial properties and stability of the coatings. The most stable and least effective coating against bacteria was Ag-PP sample. In turn, AgO-PP was characterized by the lowest stability in aqueous conditions and strong antimicrobial activity. It was found that leaching of metal ions from the surface of treated PP even in exceptional levels plays a crucial role in bactericidal activity. Plazmowa depozycja antybakteryjnych powłok srebra i miedzi na powierzchni polipropylenuStreszczenie: Niniejsza praca dotyczy plazmowej obróbki powierzchni polipropylenu (PP) przy użyciu miedzi (Cu) i srebra (Ag) oraz ich tlenków. Powłoki Cu, CuO, Ag i AgO, wytworzone na powierzchni PP metodą rozpylania magnetronowego MS-PVD, zbadano pod względem morfologii, składu, stabilności i właściwości antybakteryjnych. Materiały powierzchniowo zmodyfikowane przy użyciu Cu i CuO charakteryzowały się najsilniejszymi właściwościami przeciwbakteryjnymi i najmniejszą stabilnością i trwałością w środowisku wodnym. Powłoka AgO wykazywała najmniejszą stabilność w warunkach wodnych i silną aktywność przeciwbakteryjną, natomiast powłoka Ag wykazywała największą stabilność, a zarazem najsłabsze działanie przeciwbakteryjne. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że uwalniane z naniesionych powłok jony, nawet w niewielkim stężeniu, wykazują silne działanie antybakteryjne.Słowa kluczowe: polipropylen, obróbka plazmowa, srebro, miedź, właściwości antybakteryjne.

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The Innovative Directions In Development And Implementations Of Hybrid Technologies In Surface Engineering

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Advanced Complex Analysis of the Thermal Softening of Nitrided Layers in Tools during Hot Die Forging

Advanced Complex Analysis of the Thermal Softening of Nitrided Layers in Tools during Hot Die Forging

Increased durability of selected tools used in the rubber industry by hybrid treatment

Plasma deposition of antimicrobial coatings based on silver and copper on polypropylene

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