The interaction between iNKT cells and B cells

Abstract

Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKTs) bridge the innate immunity with the adaptive immunity and their interaction with B cells has been extensively studied. Here, we give a complete overview of these two cells, from their mechanism of interaction to clinical prospects and existing problems. In our introduction, we describe the relationship between iNKTs and B cells and explore the current research hotspots and future directions. We begin with how B cells interact and benefit from the innate and adaptive help of iNKTs. Next, we describe the multiple roles of these cells in infections, autoimmunity, and cancers. Lastly, we look into the potential immunotherapies that can be based on iNKTs and the possible treatments for infectious, autoimmune, and other diseases.

The role of Raptor in lymphocytes differentiation and function

“…Though the amount of iNKT cells is small compared to other types of T cells, iNKT cells are essential in cancer, autoimmunity, infection, allergy and even obesity ( 142 – 145 ). Mature iNKT cells can participate in innate immunity and are essential for adaptive immunity, which also have interactions with B cells ( 146 ). INKT cells play a part by producing cytokines such as IL-4, IL-17, IFN-γ and TNF-α after stimulation by the synthetic ligand α-galactosyl ceramide(α-GalCer) ( 147 – 149 ).…”

Insights into the Roles of B Cells in Patients with Sepsis

“…B cells are an important subset of lymphocytes that mediate adaptive and innate immune responses by producing antibodies, presenting antigens, and secreting cytokines [11,12]. They are also able to interact with other innate and adaptive immune cells and affect each other's function during sepsis and inflammation [13][14][15]. Although B cells are the foundation of immune homeostasis, and B-cell failure will inevitably trigger or exacerbate immunosuppression [4,16], most studies have focused on how other immune cells change during sepsis while neglecting B cells.…”