The Interface Between Psychiatry and Ophthalmology

Sadykov, Evgenii; Studnička, Jan; Hosák, Ladislav; Siligardou, Mikela-Rafaella; Elfurjani, Hajer; Hoikam, Jessica Leung; Kugananthan, Surentheran; Petrovas, Anastasios; Amjad, Talal

doi:10.14712/18059694.2019.104

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The aforementioned associations between various aspects of psychiatry and ophthalmology call for a recognition of this convergence. Similar reviews have been published in the past;[ 38 , 71 ] however, we are still far from giving this interface the attention that it deserves. The recognition of the branch of “psycho-ophthalmology” will not only add to the research in this ever-evolving branch, but also encourage more professional communications between the two specialties, which will ultimately benefit the patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Psychiatric aspects of ophthalmic disorders

Mamtani

Chaturvedi

2023

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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Ophthalmic disorders have psychiatric aspects associated with them at various levels. Psychological factors have a well-documented role in the causation, aggravation, and maintenance of various ophthalmic conditions, including glaucoma, central serous retinopathy, dry eye disease, and retinitis pigmentosa. Many ophthalmic conditions, including blindness, have psychological manifestations as well, which need to be addressed, in addition to the ophthalmic pathology. There is also significant overlap in the treatment of the two disciplines in many ways. For instance, many ophthalmic drugs have psychiatric side effects. Even ophthalmological surgeries have psychiatric aspects associated with them, which primarily include black patch psychosis and anxiety in the operation theater. This review will be useful for psychiatrists and ophthalmologists, for their clinical practice and research. Future research should focus on this interface to give it its well-deserved attention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Psychiatric aspects of ophthalmic disorders

Mamtani

Chaturvedi

2023

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Moreover, the patients in the previous studies were outpatients, whereas we focused on inpatients. In the current study, all schizophrenic patients took antipsychotic drugs, which could induce side-effects on the ocular surface, including pigmentary deposits of conjunctiva and cornea, reduction of tear secretion and tear film stability, damage of corneal epithelium, reduction of corneal thickness, and ocular toxicity ( 13 , 31 , 32 ). The absence of DED symptoms in patients with schizophrenia may be due to cognitive abnormalities and hypoesthesia ( 33 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry Eye Disease in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Case-Control Study

Chen

Wei²,

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Med.

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical features and inflammatory cytokines of dry eye disease (DED) in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsThis is a case-control study. The modified self-rating depression scale (M-SDS) and the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) were used to evaluate the symptoms of depression and DED, respectively. Lipid layer thickness (LLT), partial blink rate (PBR), meibomian gland loss (MGL), tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer I-test, and eyelid margin abnormalities were also measured. A multiplex ELISA Quantibody array was used to detect the inflammatory cytokines in the tears of all participants.ResultsForty schizophrenic patients and 20 control subjects were included. The mean age was 45.0 ± 9.5 years (range, 22–63 years) in schizophrenic patients and 45.4 ± 16.2 years (range, 23–76 years) in controls (P = 0.914). The ratio of male to female was 1.1 in schizophrenic patients and 1.0 in controls (P = 0.914). Ten women (52.6%) with schizophrenia and 2 (20%) in the control group (P = 0.096) were menopausal or post-menopausal. The OSDI [0.0 (0.0–4.2) vs. 7.3 (2.1–14.6)] and TBUT [4.5 (3.0–6.0) vs. 10.0 (3.5–11.0)] were significantly lower in patients with schizophrenia than in controls (P = 0.003 and P = 0.009, respectively). The rate of MGL [36.5 (17.5–47.5) vs. 8.5 (0.0–17.5)] increased in schizophrenic patients (P < 0.001). Among pro-inflammatory cytokines, the levels of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-6, IL-11, IL-12A, IL-15, IL-17A, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in tears were elevated in the schizophrenia group (all P < 0.01). Most of the chemokines examined were at increased levels in the tears of schizophrenics (all P < 0.05). The levels of matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were also higher in the schizophrenic patients (all P < 0.001). The concentrations of IL-1Ra, tissue-inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and TIMP-2 in the schizophrenia group were decreased (all P < 0.001). In schizophrenic patients, the level of CCL2 in tears was positively correlated with OSDI (R = 0.34, P = 0.03). The increasing TIMP-1 and decreasing IL-5 were correlated with increasing LLT (R = 0.33, P = 0.035; R = −0.35, P = 0.027, respectively). The level of ICAM-1 was then positively correlated with partial blink rate (PBR) (R = 0.33, P = 0.035). There was a negative correlation between IL-8 and the Schirmer I-test (R = −0.41, P = 0.009).ConclusionsPatients with schizophrenia were more likely to experience asymptomatic DED, with mild symptoms and obvious signs. The inflammatory cytokines in the tears of schizophrenic patients differed greatly from that of non-schizophrenic patients.

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“…Adverse side effects may affect compliance to antipsychotic medications [8]. Even so, Sadykov et al noted that whilst the ophthalmic complications of antipsychotic medications have been documented, few clinicians monitor for psychotropic side effects by examining the patient [9]. Additionally, studies have demonstrated that mental health and care staff have limited knowledge regarding the side effects of antipsychotic medications [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing the Awareness of Mental Health Staff of the Possible Visual Side Effects of Antipsychotic Medications

Kurian,

Ismai

2024

J Diagn Case Rep

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Objective: A staff awareness project was undertaken in order to assess the awareness of clinical staff working in a UK community psychiatry practice of the visual side effects of antipsychotic medications. Study Design: A staff questionnaire was provided to assess baseline knowledge of the visual side effects of antipsychotic medication (the First Questionnaire). Subsequently, a short information sheet was provided regarding the visual side effects of antipsychotic medications. A Second Questionnaire for clinical staff was provided to assess reflections on knowledge gained. Results: 100% of respondents to the Second Questionnaire found the information sheet informative in refreshing or providing knowledge. 100% of the respondents to the Second Questionnaire also found the information sheet had improved their knowledge of the impact of antipsychotic on vision, and how it can be managed. 100% of respondents stated the information provided would influence their care of patients on antipsychotics and how they might approach care. Conclusion: Antipsychotic medications can cause ocular complications and visual side effects. Staff and patient education regarding these potential side effects can help promote patient safety.

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The Interface Between Psychiatry and Ophthalmology

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Psychiatric aspects of ophthalmic disorders

Psychiatric aspects of ophthalmic disorders

Dry Eye Disease in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Case-Control Study

Reviewing the Awareness of Mental Health Staff of the Possible Visual Side Effects of Antipsychotic Medications

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