The International Reference Ionosphere – Status 2013

Bilitza, D.

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2014.07.032

Cited by 55 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…In addition, the T e along the Swarm orbits can be estimated using the empirical ionospheric model, International Reference Ionosphere (IRI)‐2016 (Bilitza et al, ). The newest version of IRI is available at http://irimodel.org/, and the latest improvement of its T e model includes an incorporation of a large database of satellite measurements and an addition of the temperature variations with solar activity (Bilitza, ; Truhlik et al, ). It is believed that the new version provides a better description of the T e climatology; however, certain high‐latitude features are known to be missing from the model (Truhlik et al, ).…”

Section: Results Of Data Calibration and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration and Validation of Swarm Plasma Densities and Electron Temperatures Using Ground‐Based Radars and Satellite Radio Occultation Measurements

et al. 2018

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In this study we calibrate and validate in situ ionospheric electron density (Ne) and temperature (Te) measured with Langmuir probes (LPs) on the three Swarm satellites orbiting the Earth in circular, nearly polar orbits at ~500 km altitude. We assess the accuracy and reliability of the LP data (December 2013 to June 2016) by using nearly coincident measurements from low‐ and middle‐latitude incoherent scatter radars (ISRs), low‐latitude ionosondes, and Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) satellites, covering all latitudes. The comparison results for plasma frequency ( f∝Ne) for each Swarm satellite are consistent across these three, principally different measurement techniques. It shows that the Swarm LPs systematically underestimate plasma frequency by about 10% (0.5–0.6 MHz). The correlation coefficients are high (≥0.97), indicating accurate relative variation in the Swarm LP densities. The comparison of Te from high‐gain LPs and those from ISRs reveals that all three satellites overestimate it by 300–400 K but exhibit high correlations (0.92–0.97) against the validation data. The low‐gain LP Te data show larger overestimation (~700 K) and lower correlation (0.86–0.90). The adjustment of the Swarm LP data based on Swarm‐ISR comparison results removes the systematic biases in the Swarm data and gives plasma frequencies and high‐ and low‐gain electron temperatures that are precise within about 0.4 MHz (8%), 150–230 K, and 260–360 K, respectively. We demonstrate that the applied correction significantly improves the agreement between (1) the plasma densities from Swarm, and from ionosondes and COSMIC, and (2) the Te from Swarm LPs and International Reference Ionosphere 2016.

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Section: Results Of Data Calibration and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration and Validation of Swarm Plasma Densities and Electron Temperatures Using Ground‐Based Radars and Satellite Radio Occultation Measurements

et al. 2018

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“…After that many improved versions were created (Bilitza et al, 1979;Bilitza 1990;Bilitza and Reinisch;, Bilitza, 2015, the newest IRI-2012 appeared in 2013. All these versions, however, use the same set of empirical coefficients as the first version (Rawer et al, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Global median model of the F2-layer peak height based on ionospheric radio-occultation and ground-based Digisonde observations

Шубин

2015

Advances in Space Research

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“…With the input of user‐defined location, date and time, the IRI model provides ionospheric parameters (http://irimodel.org). The IRI model is an empirical and deterministic model developed with an accomplished collaborative effort as given in studies such as (Amarante et al, ; Araujo‐Pradere et al, ; Bilitza, ; Bilitza & Reinisch, ; Bilitza, ; Galkin et al, ; Maltseva et al, ; Oyeyemi & McKinnell, ; Wilkinson, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of IRI‐2016 F2 Layer Model Parameters with Ionosonde Measurements

2019

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International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) is the international standard ionospheric climatic model. Since the original formation of the international task force in 1970s, the IRI model has been continuously improved by ingesting developments in research in ionosphere. The most current version, namely, IRI‐2016, is offered with International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) and International Union of Radio Science (URSI) model choices with “STORM” option for the F2 layer critical plasma frequency (foF2) and BSE‐1979, AMTB‐2013, and SHU‐2015 options for maximum ionization height, hmF2. Since these two parameters are the determining values for the other model outputs, the evaluation of the options offered by IRI‐2016 is critical for various applications. In this study, all foF2 and hmF2 model options offered online at http://irimodel.org are computed for winter and summer solstice and equinox seasons of 2011 and 2015 at the locations of all available ionosondes and for all measurement intervals. The ionosondes are grouped into northern and southern midlatitude, northern and southern high‐latitude and equatorial regions. Individual, regional and global model output foF2 and hmF2 values are compared with those of ionosondes in both root‐mean‐square (RMS) and normalized RMS (NRMS) senses. For foF2, “STORM ON” can be used any time and in any region. Equatorial and high‐latitude regions have larger RMS values due to the sparse ionosondes. In northern midlatitude and high‐latitude regions URSI, in all other regions CCIR is the better option. For hmF2, SHU‐2015 and BSE‐1979 options provide a better fit for all regions, seasons, and years.

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The International Reference Ionosphere – Status 2013

Cited by 55 publications

References 77 publications

Calibration and Validation of Swarm Plasma Densities and Electron Temperatures Using Ground‐Based Radars and Satellite Radio Occultation Measurements

Calibration and Validation of Swarm Plasma Densities and Electron Temperatures Using Ground‐Based Radars and Satellite Radio Occultation Measurements

Global median model of the F2-layer peak height based on ionospheric radio-occultation and ground-based Digisonde observations

Comparison of IRI‐2016 F2 Layer Model Parameters with Ionosonde Measurements

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