The Interplay Between Trait Emotional Intelligence and Factors of Distress in Endometriosis: Pain as Mediator

Abstract

Introduction: Studies shown the importance of pain-related symptomatology in endometriosis, which has been linked to higher depression, anxiety, and stress. Furthermore, consistent findings revealed that pain symptoms do not always correlate with the severity of endometriosis, showing how psychological and emotional factors may influence pain perception. In this regard, Trait Emotional Intelligence (Trait EI) was found to be relevant for adjusting to chronic conditions. The current study sought to verify whether the association between Trait EI and General distress (GD; depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and stress) in people with endometriosis would be mediated by Pain. Methods: 276 women with endometriosis aged between 18 and 40 years old (M=30.28; SD=6.07) filled a protocol measuring Trait EI, Pain, and GD. Results: Present results showed that Trait EI was negatively related to Pain and GD, whereas GD was positively associated to Pain. Furthermore, Pain showed a mediation role in the relationship between Trait EI and GD. Discussion: Individuals low in Trait EI may have difficulty requesting support from significant others while dealing with pain-related symptomatology, which may favor the onset of internalizing symptomatology. Interventions may foster Trait EI to cope with pain and should screen for internalizing symptomatology to improve their efficacy.