The intraspecific diversity of tooth morphology in the large‐spotted catshark <i>Scyliorhinus stellaris</i>: insights into the ontogenetic cues driving sexual dimorphism

Berio, Fidji; Evin, Allowen; Goudemand, Nicolas; Debiais-Thibaud, Mélanie

doi:10.1111/joa.13257

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…The semilandmarks were made denser on the lateral sides of the teeth, where modifications of accessory cusp number are reported during S. canicula ontogeny ( Debiais-Thibaud et al, 2015 ) ( Fig. 2B and see Berio et al (2020) for similar trend in S. stellaris ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Commercial frauds are regularly checked, but the identification of species and populations mainly relies on a framework based on DNA barcoding ( Barbuto et al, 2010 ; Melo Palmeira et al, 2013 ; Almerón-Souza et al, 2018 ), whose cost, time, and dependence to a wet lab are limitations to the current inspection process. Therefore, we investigated the possibility to identify differences in tooth morphology between catshark populations, considering that shark tooth shape undergoes morphological changes with ontogeny, sexual maturation, and diet ( Powter, Gladstone & Platell, 2010 ; Moyer & Bemis, 2016 ; Tomita et al, 2017 ; Cullen & Marshall, 2019 ; Berio et al, 2020 ) and that life history traits differ between Atlantic and Mediterranean S. canicula populations ( Leloup & Olivereau, 1951 ; Ivory et al, 2004 ; Bendiab, Mouffok & Boutiba, 2012 ; Capapé et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This work tests a feature-based framework to reliably discriminate shark populations based on their tooth morphological characteristics. The assessment of shark tooth form differences is successfully achieved with geometric morphometrics ( Whitenack & Gottfried, 2010 ; Soda, Slice & Naylor, 2017 ; Cullen & Marshall, 2019 ; Berio et al, 2020 ). Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) is a frequently used machine learning algorithm to discriminate between groups based on geometric morphometric data ( Mitteroecker & Bookstein, 2011 ; MacLeod, 2017 ; Doyle, Gammell & Nash, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hide and seek shark teeth in Random Forests: machine learning applied to Scyliorhinus canicula populations

Berio

Bayle

Baum

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Shark populations that are distributed alongside a latitudinal gradient often display body size differences at sexual maturity and vicariance patterns related to their number of tooth files. Previous works have demonstrated that Scyliorhinus canicula populations differ between the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea based on biological features and genetic analysis. In this study, we sample more than 3,000 teeth from 56 S. canicula specimens caught incidentally off Roscoff and Banyuls-sur-Mer. We investigate population differences based on tooth shape and form by using two approaches. Classification results show that the classical geometric morphometric framework is outperformed by an original Random Forests-based framework. Visually, both S. canicula populations share similar ontogenetic trends and timing of gynandric heterodonty emergence but the Atlantic population has bigger, blunter teeth, and less numerous accessory cusps than the Mediterranean population. According to the models, the populations are best differentiated based on their lateral tooth edges, which bear accessory cusps, and the tooth centroid sizes significantly improve classification performances. The differences observed are discussed in light of dietary and behavioural habits of the populations considered. The method proposed in this study could be further adapted to complement DNA analyses to identify shark species or populations based on tooth morphologies. This process would be of particular interest for fisheries management and identification of shark fossils.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hide and seek shark teeth in Random Forests: machine learning applied to Scyliorhinus canicula populations

Berio

Bayle

Baum

et al. 2022

PeerJ

Self Cite

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“…Because developmental [ 70 , 71 ] and ontogenetic factors [ 70 , 72 – 74 ] also affect selachimorph tooth morphology, our analyses are presented with the caveat that adequate intraspecific coverage was assumed for each order-level clade.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tooth morphology elucidates shark evolution across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction

et al. 2021

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Sharks (Selachimorpha) are iconic marine predators that have survived multiple mass extinctions over geologic time. Their prolific fossil record is represented mainly by isolated shed teeth, which provide the basis for reconstructing deep time diversity changes affecting different selachimorph clades. By contrast, corresponding shifts in shark ecology, as measured through morphological disparity, have received comparatively limited analytical attention. Here, we use a geometric morphometric approach to comprehensively examine tooth morphologies in multiple shark lineages traversing the catastrophic end-Cretaceous mass extinction—this event terminated the Mesozoic Era 66 million years ago. Our results show that selachimorphs maintained virtually static levels of dental disparity in most of their constituent clades across the Cretaceous–Paleogene interval. Nevertheless, selective extinctions did impact apex predator species characterized by triangular blade-like teeth. This is particularly evident among lamniforms, which included the dominant Cretaceous anacoracids. Conversely, other groups, such as carcharhiniforms and orectolobiforms, experienced disparity modifications, while heterodontiforms, hexanchiforms, squaliforms, squatiniforms, and †synechodontiforms were not overtly affected. Finally, while some lamniform lineages disappeared, others underwent postextinction disparity increases, especially odontaspidids, which are typified by narrow-cusped teeth adapted for feeding on fishes. Notably, this increase coincides with the early Paleogene radiation of teleosts as a possible prey source, and the geographic relocation of disparity sampling “hotspots,” perhaps indicating a regionally disjunct extinction recovery. Ultimately, our study reveals a complex morphological response to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction and highlights an event that influenced the evolution of modern sharks.

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“…Lastly, because developmental [69,70] and ontogenetic factors [69,[71][72][73] are likewise difficult to define from isolated teeth, we conducted our analyses with the caveat that adequate intraspecific coverage was assumed for each order-level clade.…”

Section: Shape ~ Tooth Position + Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

The extinction and survival of sharks across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction

Bazzi

Campione

Ahlberg

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Sharks (Selachimorpha) are iconic marine predators that have survived multiple mass extinctions over geologic time. Their fossil record is represented by an abundance of teeth, which traditionally formed the basis for reconstructing large-scale diversity changes among different selachimorph clades. By contrast, corresponding patterns in shark ecology, as measured through morphological disparity, have received comparatively limited analytical attention. Here, we use a geometric morphometric approach to comprehensively examine the dental morphology of multiple shark lineages traversing the catastrophic end-Cretaceous mass extinction — this event terminated the Mesozoic Era 66 million years ago. Our results show that selachimorphs maintained virtually static levels of dental disparity in most of their constituent clades during the Cretaceous/Paleogene transition. Nevertheless, selective extinctions did impact on apex predator lineages characterized by triangular blade-like teeth, and in particular, lamniforms including the dominant Cretaceous anacoracids. Other groups, such as, triakid carcharhiniforms, squalids, and hexanchids, were seemingly unaffected. Finally, while some lamniform lineages experienced morphological depletion, others underwent a post-extinction disparity increase, especially odontaspidids, which are typified by narrow-cusped teeth adapted for feeding on fishes. This disparity shift coincides with the early Paleogene radiation of teleosts, a possible prey source, as well as the geographic relocation of shark disparity ‘hotspots’, perhaps indicating a regionally disjunct pattern of extinction recovery. Ultimately, our study reveals a complex morphological response to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction event, the dynamics of which we are only just beginning to understand.

show abstract

The intraspecific diversity of tooth morphology in the large‐spotted catshark Scyliorhinus stellaris: insights into the ontogenetic cues driving sexual dimorphism

Cited by 18 publications

References 86 publications

Hide and seek shark teeth in Random Forests: machine learning applied to Scyliorhinus canicula populations

Hide and seek shark teeth in Random Forests: machine learning applied to Scyliorhinus canicula populations

Tooth morphology elucidates shark evolution across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction

The extinction and survival of sharks across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction

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