The Inverted-T Mammaplasty

Raposo-Amaral, Cássio Eduardo; Raposo-Amaral, Cassio Menezes; Marques, Frederico Figueiredo; Denadai, Rafael; Raposo‐Amaral, Cesar Augusto

doi:10.1177/1090820x13515703

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…[ 11 30 ] Generally the inverted-T skin resection can be combined with the different types of pedicles for breast reduction. [ 18 21 31 32 33 ] The most common being the inferior pedicle and this has been the case with the few reports from our region. [ 13 14 17 21 ] The inferior pedicle breast reduction is also the most popular method of breast reduction[ 11 18 25 ] It is the standard that is used to judge other techniques,[ 11 ] and it is easy to teach and learn with predictable results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Reduction mammoplasty for macromastia: Our experience using the inferior pedicle with inverted-T skin resection

Yiltok,

Akintayo,

Karago

et al. 2023

J West Afr Coll Surg

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Introduction: Macromastia is a major reason why women seek for breast reduction especially when there are symptoms. Breast reduction is an uncommon procedure in our environment and this is a report of our experience with inferior pedicle with an inverted-T skin resection. Materials and Methods: This is a report of breast reductions using the inferior pedicle with an inverted-T skin resection approach that were carried out between 2004 and 2022. The information that was retrieved from the case notes were age, marital status, parity, last child birth, family history of breast enlargement, presenting features, height, weight, the weight of tissue excised, and complications. The data obtained were then entered into the SPSS version 25 (IBM Corp.) software and analysed. Results: Seventeen women were managed with an age range of 16–50 years and a mean of 31.06 ± 9.66 years. The most common features at presentation were heavy weight around the chest, backache, shoulder pain, no appropriate brassiere with low self-esteem and self-confidence. Ten had skin changes and recurrent rashes over the breast, whereas four complained of grooves with skin changes. The weight of excised breast tissue ranged from 0.2 to 5.5 kg with an average of 2.18 ± 1.28 kg for the right and 2.05 ± 1.00 kg for the left breast. All except one patient had blood transfusion. The common complications were delayed wound healing (47%) followed by partial wound dehiscence (17.6%), and flap necrosis (11.8%). Except for those with flap necrosis the wounds healed with some having broad scars. Conclusions: Patients for breast reduction are mainly due to the symptoms and signs with the associated large breast. The inferior pedicle with inverted-T skin resection is a valuable technique with a very good outcome. To improve access to breast reduction, there is the need to enhance awareness through advocacy using women groups and health education.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Reduction mammoplasty for macromastia: Our experience using the inferior pedicle with inverted-T skin resection

Yiltok,

Akintayo,

Karago

et al. 2023

J West Afr Coll Surg

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“…In fact, in case of reduction mammaplasty or mastopexy, a good and durable projection of the breast could be sometimes difficult to achieve, mostly in case of severe hypertrophy or gigantomastia, and a squaring off of the breast contour may be observed. In some other cases, an initial good projection is present, but this is not a long lasting result, being observable only in the first follow-up period 19 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In some other cases, an initial good projection is present, but this is not a long lasting result, being observable only in the first follow-up period. 19 Our personal technique, the arrow flap we described in 2015, 6 deals with these points. In fact, by tightening the breast basis, we can obtain a very good, durable projection of the breast, avoiding dog ears and the bottoming out effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “Arrow Flap” Technique in Reduction Mammaplasty

Torresetti

Scalise²,

Benedetto³

2021

Ann Plast Surg

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Introduction Breast reduction is one of the most common procedures performed by plastic surgeons worldwide. Despite that several techniques have been proposed for management of ptotic or hypertrophic breasts, most of them often deal with too large breast bases, poor breast projection, persistent “dog ears,” and a certain percentage of bottoming out. Lower-pole shaping of the breast remains one of the challenge of vertical mammoplasty. Materials and Methods The authors report their 5-year-long experience with a modification of the vertical scar technique, the “arrow flap,” in which they harvest a double lateral glandular and cutaneous flap, to tighten and better shape the base of the breast and to improve the breast projection with a “double-bra” effect. From April 2015 to February 2019, 75 patients with moderate to severe macromastia/breast ptosis underwent bilateral reduction mammoplasty. Results Postoperative outcomes showed an overall satisfactory results and low incidence of complications. Two patients presented with an asymmetry between the 2 breasts, and no nipple-areola complex necrosis occurred. One patient reported a wider vertical scar, whereas no bottoming out was observed. Conclusions All patients reported a stable and durable projection of the breast, with pleasant cosmetic results. By combining short scars and narrow base, we can obtain a pleasant lower pole reshaping of the breast, even in that challenging cases of large and squared breast. The authors believe that this technique provides a useful surgical option, increasing the versatility of the superior pedicle vertical mammaplasty both for mastopexy and breast reduction, even in cases of severe macromastia.

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“…The surgical approach using the "T"-incision technique has proved to be useful in other situations, such as reductive mammoplasty and sagging skin of the breast region, surgical treatment of pelvic sarcomas and uterine carcinoma, nail surgery and tracheotomies. 6 - 10…”

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confidence: 99%