The L Forms of Bacteria1

Dienes, L.; Weinberger, Howard J.

doi:10.1128/mmbr.15.4.245-288.1951

Cited by 109 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Additionally, bacteria are able to escape antibiotic eradication by the transient formation of specialized cells caused by differential gene expression in genetically identical cells. One example is the occurrence of cell-wall-deficient or -defective bacteria (CWDB), which are formed spontaneously or are induced upon treatment with cell-wall-acting antibiotics (Dienes and Weinberger, 1951;Lederberg, 1956). Formation of CWDB is proposed to be a strategy of pathogenic bacteria to escape the host immune response (Domingue and Woody, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Escherichia coli replication inhibitor CspD is subject to growth‐regulated degradation by the Lon protease

Langklotz

Narberhaus²

2011

Molecular Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryPost-translational proteolysis-dependent regulation of critical cellular processes is a common feature in bacteria. The Escherichia coli Lon protease is involved in the control of the SOS response, acid tolerance and nutritional deprivation. Moreover, Lon plays a role in the regulation of toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems and thereby is linked to persister cell induction. Persister cells represent a small subpopulation that has reversibly switched to a dormant and non-dividing state without genomic alterations. Formation of persister cells permits viability upon nutritional depletion and severe environmental stresses. CspD is a replication inhibitor, which is induced in stationary phase or upon carbon starvation and increases the production of persister cells. It has remained unknown how CspD activity is counteracted when growth is resumed. Here we report that CspD is subject to proteolysis by the Lon protease both in vivo and in vitro. Turnover of CspD by Lon is strictly adjusted to the growth rate and growth phase of E. coli, reflecting the necessity to control CspD levels according to the physiological conditions.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Escherichia coli replication inhibitor CspD is subject to growth‐regulated degradation by the Lon protease

Langklotz

Narberhaus²

2011

Molecular Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It may be that the accumulation of metabolites, which Lominski and Lendrum (1947) suggest is responsible for the stimulation of motility, is diminished by the sulphonamide or perhaps the increased drying of the medium is having a deterrent effect. It is interesting to note that the distance between the positive rings is greater in the centre of the swarm than a t the periphery, and also that the adjacent swarms do not appear to be coalescing as would be expected from the phenomenon described by Dienes (1946) and Story (1954).…”

Section: Efsect Of Sulphanilamidementioning

confidence: 76%

The use of sulphonamides to inhibit the swarming of Proteus

Holman

1957

J. Pathol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Under certain conditions bacteria can spontaneously or by induction, lose part or all of their cell wall , resulting in osmosensitive cells known as cell wall‐deficient or defective bacteria (CWDB). CWDB capable of ‘fried egg’ growth on specialized solid media are termed L‐forms, which can be classified into four groups based upon their ability to remain in the L‐form state (unstable versus stable L‐forms) and the presence or absence of residual cell wall (spheroplast‐type versus protoplast‐type L‐forms).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Cell Wall‐Deficient Spheroplasts Against Experimental Murine Listeriosis

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Various strategies adapted to develop an efficient vaccine against foodborne pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes, have met with little success. Spheroplasts (bacterial cell devoid of cell wall) are likely to undergo membrane-membrane fusion, leading to the delivery of their content to the cytosol of antigenpresenting cells, thus facilitating MHC class I antigen processing and presentation. In this study, we evaluated the prophylactic potential of Listeria spheroplast-based vaccine against experimental murine listeriosis in comparison with heat-killed Listeria (HKL) and archaeosome-entrapped Listeria whole-cell protein (LWCP). Compared with HKL, the spheroplast-based vaccine was found to evoke better Th1 response as exhibited by the presence of type 1 cytokines in the host (interferon-c and IL-12) and a high IgG 2a /IgG 1 ratio. Robust lymphoproliferative efficacy was apparent in both spheroplast-immunized and archaeosome-entrapped LWCP-immunized groups. The upregulation of costimulatory and effector memory markers upon immunization with spheroplasts was found to be at par with that evoked by archaeosome-entrapped LWCP-immunized group. Central memory response in gated CD8 + T cell was much higher in spheroplastimmunized animals when compared with archaeosome-entrapped LWCP group. The data presented here clearly demonstrate that spheroplasts evoked a robust immune response and offer better prophylactic potential against L. monocytogenes.

show abstract

The L Forms of Bacteria1

Cited by 109 publications

References 37 publications

The Escherichia coli replication inhibitor CspD is subject to growth‐regulated degradation by the Lon protease

The Escherichia coli replication inhibitor CspD is subject to growth‐regulated degradation by the Lon protease

The use of sulphonamides to inhibit the swarming of Proteus

Efficacy of Cell Wall‐Deficient Spheroplasts Against Experimental Murine Listeriosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About