The lethal effects of high-frequency ultrasound waves in Pediculus humanus capitis (Anoplura: Pediculidae) nymphs and adults

Abstract

Pediculus humanus capitis, are not a primary health hazard or a vector for disease but a societal problem with substantial costs. The diagnosis of head lice infestation is best made by finding a live nymph or adult on the scalp or hair of a person. The aims of this study was: to assess the effects of high-frequency ultrasound waves on adults and nymphslouse. We collected a total of 1000 specimens (400 adults and 600 nymphs) for exposure to high-frequency ultrasound waves in five different frequency ranges between 0.5 and 2.5 MHz for 24 hours. Also, the number of dead individuals was recorded at the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 8th, 16th, and 24th hours. Among the ultrasound frequencies used to treat head lice, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 MHz produced the highest dead number of individuals. The dead number of louse varied depending upon the frequency of ultrasound they were exposed to and the duration of the exposure. We suggest that frequencies from 1.5 to 2.5 MHz effectively control pediculosis and that potential equipment with frequency values in this range can be used for treatment and prevention.