The long-lived Chiltepe volcanic complex, Nicaragua: magmatic evolution at an arc offset

Freundt, Armin; Kutterolf, Steffen

doi:10.1007/s00445-019-1321-x

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…One of these vents, named Tiscapa maar (vent 26 in the nomenclature presented in Fig. 1d and Table 2) and whose emplacement was controlled by the seismically active Tiscapa fault, is located inside the city of Managua (Ward et al, 1974;Freundt et al, 2010;Freundt and Kutterolf, 2019).…”

Section: Nejapa-chiltepe Volcanic Complex (Ncvc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thematic vent opening probability maps and hazard assessment of small-scale pyroclastic density currents in the San Salvador volcanic complex (El Salvador) and Nejapa-Chiltepe volcanic complex (Nicaragua)

Bevilacqua

Aravena

Neri

et al. 2021

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The San Salvador volcanic complex (El Salvador) and Nejapa-Chiltepe volcanic complex (Nicaragua) have been characterized by a significant variability in eruption style and vent location. Densely inhabited cities are built on them and their surroundings, including the metropolitan areas of San Salvador (∼2.4 million people) and Managua (∼1.4 million people), respectively. In this study we present novel vent opening probability maps for these volcanic complexes, which are based on a multi-model approach that relies on kernel density estimators. In particular, we present thematic vent opening maps, i.e., we consider different hazardous phenomena separately, including lava emission, small-scale pyroclastic density currents, ejection of ballistic projectiles, and low-intensity pyroclastic fallout. Our volcanological dataset includes: (1) the location of past vents, (2) the mapping of the main fault structures, and (3) the eruption styles of past events, obtained from critical analysis of the literature and/or inferred from volcanic deposits and morphological features observed remotely and in the field. To illustrate the effects of considering the expected eruption style in the construction of vent opening maps, we focus on the analysis of small-scale pyroclastic density currents derived from phreatomagmatic activity or from low-intensity magmatic volcanism. For the numerical simulation of these phenomena we adopted the recently developed branching energy cone model by using the program ECMapProb. Our results show that the implementation of thematic vent opening maps can produce significantly different hazard levels from those estimated with traditional, non-thematic maps.

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Section: Nejapa-chiltepe Volcanic Complex (Ncvc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thematic vent opening probability maps and hazard assessment of small-scale pyroclastic density currents in the San Salvador volcanic complex (El Salvador) and Nejapa-Chiltepe volcanic complex (Nicaragua)

Bevilacqua

Aravena

Neri

et al. 2021

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Cpx is a stable phase over a very wide range of pressures, temperatures, melt compositions and oxygen fugacities (e.g., Costa, 2004;Nandedkar et al, 2014;Ulmer et al, 2018), meaning Cpx-based thermobarometry has broad utility and has been applied in a wide variety of tectonic settings. In this contribution we specifically focus on the use of Cpx-based thermobarometer to investigate storage conditions in magmas erupted in subduction zones (see Table . 1 for studies performing such calculations; Auer et al, 2013;Belousov et al, 2021;Cassidy et al, 2015;Caulfield et al, 2012;Cigolini et al, 2018;Dahren et al, 2012;Deegan et al, 2016;Freundt and Kutterolf, 2019;Geiger et al, 2018;Hollyday et al, 2020;Jeffery et al, 2013;Lai et al, 2018;Lormand et al, 2021;Moussallam et al, 2021Moussallam et al, , 2019Namur et al, 2020;Preece et al, 2014;Romero et al, 2022;Ruth and Costa, 2021;Sas et al, 2017;Scruggs and Putirka, 2018;Sheehan and Barclay, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barometers behaving badly II: A critical evaluation of Cpx-only and Cpx-Liq thermobarometry in variably-hydrous arc magmas

Wieser¹,

Kent²,

Till³

2024

Preprint

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The chemistry of erupted clinopyroxene crystals (±equilibrium liquids) have been widely used to deduce the pressures and temperatures of magma storage in volcanic arcs. However, the wide variety of different equations parametrizing the relationship between mineral and melt compositions and intensive variables such as pressure and temperature yield vastly different results, with implications for our interpretation of magma storage conditions. We use a new test dataset of N=505 Cpx-Liq pairs from variably-hydrous experiments at crustal conditions (0-13 kbar) to assess the performance of different thermobarometers, and identify the most accurate and precise expressions for application to subduction zone magmas. First, we assess different equilibrium tests, finding that comparing the measured and predicted EnFs and KD (using Fet in both phases) are the most useful tests in arc magmas, while CaTs, CaTi and Jd tests have limited utility. We then apply further quality filters based on cation sums (3.95-4.05), number of analyses (N>5), and the presence of reported H2O data in the liquid to obtain a filtered dataset (N=194). We use this filtered dataset to compare calculated versus experimental pressures and temperatures for different combinations of thermobarometers. A number of Cpx-Liq thermometers perform very well when liquid H2O contents are known, although the Cpx composition contributes relatively little to the calculated temperature. Most Cpx-only thermometers perform very badly, greatly overestimating temperatures for hydrous experiments. Cpx-Liq and Cpx-only barometers show similar performance to one another, all showing low precision and systematic offsets (overestimating pressure for low P experiments, and underestimating pressure for High P expressions). We also assess the sensitivity of different equations to melt H2O contents, which are poorly constrained in many natural systems. Overall, this work demonstrates that substantial work is needed to obtain precise and accurate estimates of magma storage depths from Cpx±Liq equilibrium in volcanic arcs. At present, Cpx-based barometry only provides sufficient resolution to distinguish broad storage regions (e.g., upper, mid, lower crust), rather than ability to precisely and accurately locate magma reservoirs to compare to geophysical records.

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Barometers Behaving Badly II: a Critical Evaluation of Cpx-Only and Cpx-Liq Thermobarometry in Variably-Hydrous Arc Magmas

Wieser

Kent

Till

2023

Journal of Petrology

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The chemistry of erupted clinopyroxene crystals (±equilibrium liquids) have been widely used to deduce the pressures and temperatures of magma storage in volcanic arcs. However, the large number of different equations parameterizing the relationship between mineral and melt compositions and intensive variables such as pressure and temperature yield vastly different results, with implications for our interpretation of magma storage conditions. We use a new test dataset composed of the average Clinopyroxene-Liquid (Cpx-Liq) compositions from N=543 variably-hydrous experiments at crustal conditions (1 bar to 17 kbar) to assess the performance of different thermobarometers, and identify the most accurate and precise expressions for application to subduction zone magmas. First, we assess different equilibrium tests, finding that comparing the measured and predicted EnFs and KD (using Fet in both phases) are the most useful tests in arc magmas, while CaTs, CaTi and Jd tests have limited utility. We then apply further quality filters based on cation sums (3.95-4.05), number of analyses (N>5), and the presence of reported H2O data in the quenched experimental glass (hereafter ‘liquid’) to obtain a filtered dataset (N=214). We use this filtered dataset to compare calculated versus experimental pressures and temperatures for different combinations of thermobarometers. A number of Cpx-Liq thermometers perform very well when liquid H2O contents are known, although the Cpx composition contributes little to the calculated temperature relative to the liquid composition. Most Cpx-only thermometers perform very badly, greatly overestimating temperatures for hydrous experiments. These two findings demonstrate that the Cpx chemistry alone holds very little temperature information in hydrous systems. The majority of Cpx-Liq and Cpx-only barometers show similar performance to one another (mostly yielding RMSEs of 2-3.5 kbar), although the best Cpx-only barometers currently outperform the best Cpx-Liq barometers. We also assess the sensitivity of different equations to melt H2O contents, which are poorly constrained in many natural systems. Overall, this work demonstrates that Cpx-based barometry on individual Cpx only provides sufficient resolution to distinguish broad storage regions (e.g., upper, mid, lower crust). Significant averaging of Cpx compositions from experiments reported at similar pressures can reduce RMSEs to ~1.3-1.9 kbar. We hope our findings motivate the substantial amount of experimental and analytical work that is required to obtain precise and accurate estimates of magma storage depths from Cpx±Liq equilibrium in volcanic arcs.

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The long-lived Chiltepe volcanic complex, Nicaragua: magmatic evolution at an arc offset

Cited by 3 publications

References 70 publications

Thematic vent opening probability maps and hazard assessment of small-scale pyroclastic density currents in the San Salvador volcanic complex (El Salvador) and Nejapa-Chiltepe volcanic complex (Nicaragua)

Thematic vent opening probability maps and hazard assessment of small-scale pyroclastic density currents in the San Salvador volcanic complex (El Salvador) and Nejapa-Chiltepe volcanic complex (Nicaragua)

Barometers behaving badly II: A critical evaluation of Cpx-only and Cpx-Liq thermobarometry in variably-hydrous arc magmas

Barometers Behaving Badly II: a Critical Evaluation of Cpx-Only and Cpx-Liq Thermobarometry in Variably-Hydrous Arc Magmas

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