The longitudinal relationship between meaning in life, depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, and cognitive functioning for older adults with Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract

Studies show the importance of the personal experience of meaning in life for older adults, but adults with dementia have been largely excluded from this research. The current study examined the longitudinal predictive effect of meaning in life for the psychological and cognitive functioning of older adults with Alzheimer’s disease and whether cognitive decline predicted presence of meaning in life. On three yearly measurement occasions, presence of meaning in life, depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, and cognitive functioning were assessed in structured interviews with a convenience sample of 140 older adults with Alzheimer’s disease from nine nursing homes in Belgium. Cross-lagged panel and latent growth curve models were used to analyze the longitudinal relationships between the variables. Over the three measurement waves, participants with higher presence of meaning reported lower depressive symptoms one year later. Presence of meaning and life satisfaction predicted each other over time, but only between the first and second wave. The analyses showed no strong evidence for a longitudinal association between meaning in life and cognitive functioning in either direction. The findings emphasize the importance of the experience of meaning in life for the psychological functioning of older adults with Alzheimer’s disease. The lack of evidence for associations between meaning and cognitive functioning questions the prevailing view that intact cognitive abilities are a necessity for experiencing meaning. More attention to the potential of meaning interventions for persons with dementia is warranted.

Strengthening the meaning in life among college students: the role of self-acceptance and social support - evidence from a network analysis

“…In line with the theory, a meta-analysis conducted on 45 published papers also found that people with a higher level of meaning in life tend to experience more subjective well-being ( Jin et al, 2016 ). And multiple longitudinal analyses also showed that greater meaning in life could precisely predict more life satisfaction, decreased and less severe internalizing problems (such as depression) and externalizing problems (such as problematic internet use), as well as higher quality of life ( Liu M. H. et al, 2021 ; Dewitte et al, 2022 ; Fischer et al, 2023 ; Wang et al, 2023 ).…”