The low level laser therapy (LLLT) operating in 660 nm reduce gene expression of inflammatory mediators in the experimental model of collagenase-induced rat tendinitis

Torres-Silva, Romildo; Lopes-Martins, Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão; Bjordal, Jan Magnus; Frigo, Lúcio; Rahouadj, Rachid; Arnold, Gilles; Leal-Junior, Ernesto César Pinto; Magdalou, Jacques; Pallotta, Rodney Capp; Marcos, Rodrigo Labat

doi:10.1007/s10103-014-1676-3

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Low level laser therapy (LLLT) could reduce the expression of proinflammatory markers such as IL-6 and TNF- α in gene level [57]. In the cellular level, LLLT may increase collagen production [58], stimulate tenocyte proliferation [59], downregulate MMPs, decrease the capillary flow of neovascularization, and finally preserve the resistance and elasticity of tendon [60, 61].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achilles Tendinopathy: Current Concepts about the Basic Science and Clinical Treatments

Liu

Hua

2016

BioMed Research International

150

120

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Achilles tendinopathy is one of the most frequently ankle and foot overuse injuries, which is a clinical syndrome characterized by the combination of pain, swelling, and impaired performance. The two main categories of Achilles tendinopathy are classified according to anatomical location and broadly include insertional and noninsertional tendinopathy. The etiology of Achilles tendinopathy is multifactorial including both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Failed healing response and degenerative changes were found in the tendon. The failed healing response includes three different and continuous stages (reactive tendinopathy, tendon disrepair, and degenerative tendinopathy). The histological studies have demonstrated an increased number of tenocytes and concentration of glycosaminoglycans in the ground substance, disorganization and fragmentation of the collagen, and neovascularization. There are variable conservative and surgical treatment options for Achilles tendinopathy. However, there has not been a gold standard of these treatments because of the controversial clinical results between various studies. In the future, new level I researches will be needed to prove the effect of these treatment options.

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Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achilles Tendinopathy: Current Concepts about the Basic Science and Clinical Treatments

Liu

Hua

2016

BioMed Research International

150

120

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“…Regardless of aforementioned limitations, the included studies investigated several inflammatory mediators, such as pro-inflammatory mediators (interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b)) (10)(11)19,21,(23)(24)27,33,35,39,(47)(48)(50)(51)(52)(53), as well as anti-inflammatory mediator [interleukin-10 (IL-10)] (21,30,48), involved in tendon repair or tendinitis condition. Other inflammatory mediator factors were also studied such as vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF), metalloproteinase-1 matrix (MMP1), metalloproteinase-2 matrix (MMP-2), metalloproteinase-3 matrix (MMP-3), metalloproteinase-9 matrix (MMP-9), metalloproteinase-13 matrix (MMP13) and induced nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) (10)(11)(28)(29)(34)(35)37,39,54) that contribute to the understanding of how PBMT can benefited tendon repair or tendinitis condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some specific studies (18)(19)55) found that PBMT by LLLT or LED can stimulate the regeneration phase according to the dosimetry parameters (wavelength and energy). Casalechi et al (18) demonstrated a beneficial effect of PBMT by LED on the tendon regeneration process due to a significant decrease in the number of fibroblasts favoring the optimization of the tendon remodeling quality in all treated groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that IL-10, together with other cytokines, is involved in the suppression of pro-inflammatory events. In this sense, Torres-Silva et al (21) emphasized that the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is of paramount importance, since the relationship between the amounts of IL-6 and IL-10 can reveal the direction of the inflammatory process, especially when the PBMT is used to raise the levels of IL-10 and promote an anti-inflammatory response. These results support the results of Xavier et al (30) who concluded that PBMT improved the expression of IL-10 in the initial phase of tendon healing.…”

Section: Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic Review of Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) on the Experimental Calcaneal Tendon Injury in Rats

Silva

Pessoa²,

Mariano

et al. 2020

Photochem & Photobiology

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This systematic review analyzed the light parameters and the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) through low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) and/or LED (light‐emitting diode) on tendon repair of rats submitted to calcaneal injury. This study was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Meta‐Analysis, and PubMed and MEDLINE databases were accessed to search eligible studies published in English. The search terms were as follows: "Achilles tendon" or "Calcaneal tendon" or "tendon injuries" or "soft tissue injuries" and "tendinopathy" or "tendinitis" and "low‐level light therapy" or "low‐level laser therapy" or "low intensity power therapy" or "light‐emitting diode" or photobiomodulation." The SYRCLE (SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation) risks of bias was used to assess the risk of bias for selected studies. A total of 225 studies were found based on the descriptors used, and only 33 studies were eligible. Light parameters identified per point of irradiation were approximately 60 mW (continuous mode at infrared spectra), 2 W cm−2, 2 J and 45 J cm−2. Light parameters at red spectra, continuous versus pulsed mode, and PBMT combined or compared with other therapies such as ultrasound, and studies using unhealthy rats (ovariectomized and/or diabetic models) were also identified and grouped according to these similarities. The main effects found were decreased inflammatory markers and signs of inflammatory process. PBMT (laser/LED) has positive effects in reducing the inflammatory and time for tissue repair in animal models of tendon injury and/or tendinitis using parameters identified.

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“…LLLT presents an activity on inflammation by modulation of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory mediator expression, such as IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, TGF‐β and IL‐10 . However, the possible explanation for LLLT cellular mechanisms that have driven to these results is still poorly understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of immune response to induced‐arthritis by low‐level laser therapy

Anjos

Salvador

Souza

et al. 2018

Journal of Biophotonics

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As low-level laser therapy immune cells responses are not always clarified, this study aimed to evaluate cytokines and immune cells profile after low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on arthritis-induced model. Arthritis was induced in C57BL/6 mice divided into five groups: euthanized 5 hours after inflammation induction; untreated; dexamethasone treated; LLLT at 3 Jcm ; LLLT at 30 Jcm . Cytokine measurements by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and mRNA cytokine relative levels by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed with arthritic ankle (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 and TGF-β). Macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, lymphocytes CD4 , CD8 , Treg and costimulatory proteins were quantified in proximal lymph node by flow cytometry. Data showed decrease in all cytokine levels after LLLT and alteration in mRNA relative levels, depending on the energy density used. LLLT was able to increase of immune cell populations analyzed in the lymph node as well as costimulatory proteins expression on macrophages and dendritic cells. Treg TCD4 and TCD8 population enrichment was observed in LLLT at 3 and 30 Jcm groups, respectively. Furthermore, Treg TCD8 cells expressing higher levels of CD25 were observed at LLLT at 30 Jcm group. Our results indicate that LLLT could change the inflammatory course of arthritis, tending to accelerate its resolution through immune cells photobiostimulation.

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The low level laser therapy (LLLT) operating in 660 nm reduce gene expression of inflammatory mediators in the experimental model of collagenase-induced rat tendinitis

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

Achilles Tendinopathy: Current Concepts about the Basic Science and Clinical Treatments

Achilles Tendinopathy: Current Concepts about the Basic Science and Clinical Treatments

Systematic Review of Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) on the Experimental Calcaneal Tendon Injury in Rats

Modulation of immune response to induced‐arthritis by low‐level laser therapy

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