The Lunar Space Communications Architecture From The KARI-NASA Joint Study

Aggressive and proactive LTP control signal handling for minimal session delivery time: RTT rules the world

“…The Lu-naNet architecture consolidates space communication technology with delay and DTN technology to provide a more robust, flexible, and interoperable lunar communication architecture for long, intensive, and sustainable lunar activity and missions such as the Artemis mission. In 2018, the interagency operations advisory group (IOAG) announced a lunar planetary network architecture that proposes that most robotic assets in lunar orbit and lunar surface be DTN nodes, including lunar relay orbiters [21].…”

Satellite Constellation Design for a Lunar Navigation and Communication System

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We are entering a second space race, with an emerging priority of the global exploration community to establish a sustainable human presence on the Moon. Moreover, more than 140 lunar missions are being planned for the next decade by international space agencies and commercial space companies, such as SpaceX, Rocket Lab, Argotec, and Blue Origin (Cohen et al, 2020;Tai et al, 2020). Among these missions, some notable ones include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Artemis mission, the China National Space Administration's Chinese lunar exploration program, and the European Space Agency (ESA) European large logistics lander project.

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