The magic glue hyaluronan and its eraser hyaluronidase: A biological overview

Girish, K. S.; Kemparaju, K.

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2007.02.037

Cited by 568 publications

(538 citation statements)

References 251 publications

(368 reference statements)

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“…Several studies have confirmed that the altered HAase activity was observed in liver cirrhosis, liver fibrosis, diabetes, osteoarthritis, transplantation, and tumor progression (3,6,7). Circulatory HA levels, on the other hand, increase in response to shock, blood loss, septicemia, extensive burn, and following massive trauma or post surgery conditions (3,(8)(9)(10)(11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The key role of the HA-HAase system has been recognized in a number of pathophysiological processes such as embryogenesis, angiogenesis, inflammation, disease progression, wound healing, microbial infection, and the diffusion of systemic toxins/venoms (3)(4)(5). Several studies have confirmed that the altered HAase activity was observed in liver cirrhosis, liver fibrosis, diabetes, osteoarthritis, transplantation, and tumor progression (3,6,7). Circulatory HA levels, on the other hand, increase in response to shock, blood loss, septicemia, extensive burn, and following massive trauma or post surgery conditions (3,(8)(9)(10)(11).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Key words: Hyal-1; hyaluronidase; hyaluronan; anticoagulants; plasma; serum Mammalian hyaluronidases (HAases) are an endo-b-Nacetyl-hexosaminidases that degrade hyaluronan (HA). HA is a multifunctional, nonsulfated, high-molecularweight polysaccharide found throughout the animal kingdom, especially in the extracellular matrix of soft connective tissues (1)(2)(3). The key role of the HA-HAase system has been recognized in a number of pathophysiological processes such as embryogenesis, angiogenesis, inflammation, disease progression, wound healing, microbial infection, and the diffusion of systemic toxins/venoms (3)(4)(5).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…HA is a multifunctional, nonsulfated, high-molecularweight polysaccharide found throughout the animal kingdom, especially in the extracellular matrix of soft connective tissues (1)(2)(3). The key role of the HA-HAase system has been recognized in a number of pathophysiological processes such as embryogenesis, angiogenesis, inflammation, disease progression, wound healing, microbial infection, and the diffusion of systemic toxins/venoms (3)(4)(5). Several studies have confirmed that the altered HAase activity was observed in liver cirrhosis, liver fibrosis, diabetes, osteoarthritis, transplantation, and tumor progression (3,6,7).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of anticoagulants on the plasma hyaluronidase activities

Sharma

Mahadeswaraswamy

Kumar

et al. 2009

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Mammalian hyaluronidases (HAases) are an endo‐β‐N‐acetyl‐hexosaminidases that degrade hyaluronan (HA) and have been implicated in diverse pathophysiological functions. Several pathological conditions, such as diabetes, monoclonal gammapathy, and bladder and prostate tumors, report the distorted plasma HAase activity. However, the plasma HAase (hHyal‐1) activity has been presumed to change with the circulating HA level and serves as an early marker for several diseases. It has been generally practised to use the anticoagulants such as tri‐sodium citrate/di‐sodium EDTA/heparin for the preparation of plasma for both biochemical and clinical analyses. In the present investigation, theeffect of anticoagulants on plasma HAaseactivity was evaluated and compared with the serum HAase activity that is devoid of anticoagulants as no study provides information in this regard. The results suggested that the plasma HAase activity in the presence of the recommended concentration of EDTA was highly comparable/similar to that of the serum HAase activity. In contrast, citrated or heparinized plasma recorded a significantly reduced level of activity than that of the serum HAase activity. In conclusion, our results suggested that the EDTA‐treated plasma samples are a better choice compared with heparin and citrated samples to assess the HAase activity. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:29–33, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Effect of anticoagulants on the plasma hyaluronidase activities

Sharma

Mahadeswaraswamy

Kumar

et al. 2009

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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“…Cette première cassure endolytique est suivie par le clivage des sucres. Il existe dans le génome humain six gènes codant pour des hyaluronidases de distribution tissulaire variée [12]. Par ailleurs, l'acide hyaluronique polymérique peut être dégradé de manière non-enzymatique par les radicaux libres et constitue un piège pour ces ions réac-tionnels.…”

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Acide hyaluronique et matrice extracellulaire : une molécule primitive ?

Nusgens

2010

Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie

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RésuméL'acide hyaluronique, ou hyaluronane, est un polymère constitué de la répétition d'une unité disaccharidique unique, acide D-glucuronique et D-N-acétylglucosamine, dont la masse moléculaire peut atteindre 107 daltons. Cette structure primitive s'est révélée remarquable par ses propriétés viscoélastiques, ses capacités hygroscopiques et la diversité des processus cellulaires qu'elle contrôle. Identifié dans tous les tissus des vertébrés, plus de 50 % de l'acide hyaluronique de l'organisme est présent dans la peau. Ne possédant pas de coeur protéique, sa synthèse procède d'un processus unique, dépendant de l'activité enzymatique d'hyaluronane synthases agissant à la face interne de la membrane plasmatique et extrudant le polymère en voie de formation vers le milieu extracellulaire. Ce polymère sert de matrice sur laquelle peuvent se fixer jusqu'à une centaine de chaînes de protéoglycannes sulfatés. Ces structures supramoléculaires de taille considérable peuvent entrapper de larges quantités d'eau et d'ions pour maintenir l'hydratation et la turgescence des tissus. L'acide hyaluronique est reconnu par la cellule grâce à la présence de récepteurs membranaires dont le mieux connu est CD44. L'interaction avec ses récepteurs active plusieurs cascades de signalisation intracellulaire régulant la prolifération, la migration et la différenciation. La réponse cellulaire est largement influencée par la taille du polymère d'acide hyaluronique qui se fixe au récepteur ou par celle des fragments générés par sa dégradation par les hyaluronidases et les radicaux libres. L'acide hyaluronique est métaboliquement extrêmement actif avec une demi-vie dans la peau de moins d'un jour. Détecté dans l'épiderme où il pourrait contrôler la prolifération et la différenciation des cellules basales, il est cependant majoritairement présent dans le derme en association avec le versican. Les propriétés physicochimiques remarquables de l'acide hyaluronique ainsi que la diversité des processus biologiques qu'il contrôle dépassent largement l'image primitive de ce polymère.

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Carbohydrases

Brumer

2010

Encyclopedia of Catalysis

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The enzymes that catalyze the synthesis and degradation of oligo‐ and polysaccharides are among the most important in the biosphere, because of the key role they play in the global carbon cycle. Thanks to a long and rich history of scientific study, the catalytic mechanisms of the glycoside hydrolases and transglycosylases are generally well understood in terms of enzyme‐substrate interactions and transition state structure. Recent structure‐function studies of polysaccharide lyases have also begun to unravel the secrets of catalysis in these distinct classes of carbohydrate‐active enzymes. Built upon a firm understanding of enzyme structure and mechanism, an impressive number of technological applications highlight the prowess of these biological catalysts.

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The magic glue hyaluronan and its eraser hyaluronidase: A biological overview

Cited by 568 publications

References 251 publications

Effect of anticoagulants on the plasma hyaluronidase activities

Effect of anticoagulants on the plasma hyaluronidase activities

Acide hyaluronique et matrice extracellulaire : une molécule primitive ?

Carbohydrases

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