The main scientific and practical results of the study at the Military Medical Academy of combat pathology during the Special Military operation

Abstract

The development of problems of combat pathology is a constant focus of scientific interests of scientists of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy. With the beginning of a Special military operation, it received a new impetus for development both due to the large clinical material and due to changes in the structure and nature of modern combat pathology. The relevant teams have joined forces to develop the most priority tasks. Based on the analysis of the mortality of wounded on the battlefield, the principles of “tactical medicine” were developed and implemented in practice, aimed at combating the most common causes of death at the pre-hospital stage, and training cycles for instructors for the whole country were organized in the established Center for Tactical Medicine. Principles of anesthesia and shock control at the stages of medical evacuation have been developed. Based on the study of the structure of combat surgical pathology, the tactics of screening diagnosis of hidden injuries during medical triage are proposed, the principles of staged surgical treatment of wounds (the principle of damage control) are clarified, an integrated system of treatment of wounded with injuries of the musculoskeletal system is developed. At the hospital stage, improved methods for the prevention of thromboembolic complications, treatment of phantom pain syndrome, and stress-associated mental disorders are proposed. The spectrum of wound infection pathogens and existing antibiotic resistance has been studied, new wound dressings have been developed. A prototype of the system of professional psychological selection and support of operators of unmanned aerial vehicles has been formed. Guidelines on military field surgery and military field therapy have been developed, more than 50 methodological recommendations on the most in-demand issues of organization and provision of medical care. Thus, in a little more than 900 days, the scientists of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy has carried out a huge amount of work only in scientific terms, introducing the results into the practice of military doctors. This makes it possible to achieve the best performance indicators of the medical service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in comparison with previous conflicts.