The making of a transnational capitalist class

Carroll, William K.; Carson, Colin; Fennema, Meindert; Heemskerk, Eelke M.; Sapinski, Jean Philippe

doi:10.5040/9781350223257

Cited by 287 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…However, this is more the result of a decline in the number of intra-national interlocks than an increase in the number of transnational interlocks. Otherwise, the findings of Carroll (2010) are generally similar to those of the two seminal studies summarized above. Direct comparisons between Carroll's findings and those of other studies (this one included) are not possible because of his practice of oversampling among financial firms.…”

Section: Notessupporting

confidence: 85%

“…5. Carroll (2010), in a replication and extension of his 2002 study with Fennema, reports a more pronounced increase in the proportion of transnational interlocks between 1996 and 2006, roughly comparable to the earlier findings of Kentor and Jang (2004). However, this is more the result of a decline in the number of intra-national interlocks than an increase in the number of transnational interlocks.…”

Section: Notessupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Intercontinental travel is now commonplace among business professionals. And there is a trend toward greater uniformity in principles of corporate governance among large firms worldwide (Carroll, 2010). Even so, the US benchmark of no more than three local ties for each bridging tie should be treated as no more than a rough estimate of the degree of spatial clustering that might be expected to persist independently of national divisions, rather than a strict threshold that must be reached if the pattern of director interlocks is to be judged consistent with realization of a TCC.…”

Section: The Traditional Approach To the Study Of Global Interlocking Directoratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In search of a transnational capitalist class: Alternative methods for comparing director interlocks within and between nations and regions

Burris

Staples

2012

International Journal of Comparative Sociology

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Theorists of globalization have hypothesized the emergence of a transnational capitalist class that is becoming increasingly integrated across national borders. One method of evaluating this hypothesis has been to apply network analysis to study the frequency and pattern of transnational ties within global interlocking directorates. The results of such studies are mixed, both as regards the extent of transnational interlocking and its regional distribution. In an effort to resolve this ambiguity and advance the state of research in this area we undertake two main tasks. First, we submit the prevailing methodology used in such studies to a critical evaluation in which we identify and address some of its theoretical and methodological limitations. Second, we introduce and illustrate three alternative methods for assessing the extent and pattern of global interlocking directorates. Each method conceptualizes transnational interlocking in a slightly different manner and brings different aspects of the process into focus. Despite these differences, all four methods point to the conclusion that a transnational capitalist class is very far from being realized on a global scale. On the other hand, the combined evidence is much stronger and relatively consistent for the emergence of a more circumscribed transnational capitalist class, centered in the North Atlantic region, which has made significant strides in transcending national divisions within and between Europe and North America.

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Section: Notessupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Notessupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: The Traditional Approach To the Study Of Global Interlocking Directoratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In search of a transnational capitalist class: Alternative methods for comparing director interlocks within and between nations and regions

Burris

Staples

2012

International Journal of Comparative Sociology

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“…However, there is one sector that moved from the state to the private sector that falls within the scope of this research: universities. Previous studies showed that universities are well connected to business (Carroll, 2004;Fox and Ornstein, 1986). And as the knowledge and innovation infrastructure in a country is an important asset for business and higher education a pivot for 'national competitiveness', ongoing relations between business and universities might well be expected.…”

Section: Business Ties With Universities: From State Universities To Autonomous Non-profit Corporationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Across time and space, the specific relationship between business and the state has known different configurations, including different distributions of power between the two. Over the past 40 years, business steadily gained more power vis-à-vis the state in the Western industrialized world (Carroll, 2010;Schmidt, 1996). Ongoing policies and practices of liberalization were based on the belief that free markets are the most optimal mechanism for the coordination of economic action.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The fading of the state: Corporate–government networks in the Netherlands

Heemskerk

Mokken

Fennema

2012

International Journal of Comparative Sociology

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This article contributes to an understanding of how business-state relations have evolved over past decades by analyzing elite interlocks between the corporate sector and the state over the period 1969-2006 in the Netherlands. These interlocks create links between the top decision centers of the largest corporations and public administration. A comparative analysis over time of the network of corporate-state interlocks for the years 1969, 1996 and 2006 reveals that ties that were very frequent in 1969 are in decline, reflecting and confirming a rapid disentanglement of the corporate sector from what was until the 1980s an example of neo-corporatist socio-economic arrangement. The disappearance of industrial policy, privatization of state-owned corporations, the emergence of autonomous administrative units, and the 'hollowing out' of the state, all contribute to the fading of the state. The network structure that remains in place -albeit thin -is not dominated by either the state or business but rather a partnership between separate forces. At the same time many of the previous state-business relations are now established outside the span of control of the state. The state is left out. Our study suggests that by the time the financial crisis hit in 2007, the social fabric making for fruitful state-business cooperation was gone.

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2014

Globalised Minds, Roots in the City

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The making of a transnational capitalist class

Cited by 287 publications

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In search of a transnational capitalist class: Alternative methods for comparing director interlocks within and between nations and regions

In search of a transnational capitalist class: Alternative methods for comparing director interlocks within and between nations and regions

The fading of the state: Corporate–government networks in the Netherlands

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