The Measurement of Diffusion Coefficients in Binary Liquid Metals with a Concentration Cell

Edwards, J.B.; Hucke, Edward E.; Martin, Joseph J.

doi:10.1149/1.2411285

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…Some investigations of significantly concentrated amalgams showed extremes in the DM-composition dependence. The minimum of DT~ is observed for a composition close to T12Hg5 [107] and for D K at KHg2 [108]. Unquestionably these facts are proof of the existence of such ICs in liquid phases.…”

Section: Diffusion Coefficients Of Metals In Liquid Mercurymentioning

confidence: 62%

Review Selected properties of simple amalgams

Gumiński

1989

J Mater Sci

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Experimental data on solubility, heat and kinetics of dissolution, diffusion and standard potentials of metals in mercury as well as the rate of the electrode process with an amalgam formation, have been collected and selected. A comparison has been made between the measured and predicted solubilities and heats of dissolution. The experimental diffusion coefficients have been analysed according to the simple Sutherland-Einstein equation; the average composition of diffusing particles in diluted amalgams have been estimated. The linear dependence between the logarithm of the rate constant of aquo-ion electroreduction on mercury and the metal solubility in mercury has been confirmed. No correlation of the dissolution rate of metals in mercury has been found. IntroductionIndisputably mercury (Hg), is the metal (M), most frequently used in pure and applied electrochemistry; other applications of mercury in metallurgy, inorganic and organic synthesis, dentistry, electronics, electrotechnics as well as heat transfer, seem to be less significant. From a scientific point of view, liquid mercury and amalgams are generally good models for liquid metals and alloys. For amalgams alone we have a fair collection of reliable data on thermodynamics, solubility and diffusion. Nevertheless, mercury and amalgams are not placed in the main stream of either solution chemistry or metal science.In the present paper an essential collection and evaluation has been achieved of the following data: the type of phase diagram M-Hg, solubility of the metal in mercury, heat and kinetics of dissolution of the metal in mercury, activity and diffusion coefficients of the metal in mercury, standard potentials of amalgams, kinetics of electroreduction of M n+ aquoions on mercury electrode. Most of these features change periodically through the elements table and show mutual interrelations. When possible, the experimental data (solubility, heat of dissolution, diffusion) are compared with theoretical predictions.

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Section: Diffusion Coefficients Of Metals In Liquid Mercurymentioning

confidence: 62%

Review Selected properties of simple amalgams

Gumiński

1989

J Mater Sci

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Determination of diffusivity of sodium in liquid tin using Na-�? alumina

Oakeson

Virkar

1984

J Mater Sci

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Diffusivity of sodium in molten tin was determined using an electrochemical cell of the type Na/Na--~"-AI2Oa/(Na)Sn where Na-~"-AI203, which is a sodium-ion conductor, was the solid electrolyte. Using the above cell in which a small amount of sodium dissolved in tin was transported through/3"-A1=O3 upon application of an external voltage, and using a known solution to Fick's second law for appropriate boundary conditions, the diffusivity was determined to be (;,0)• 10 -4exp --cm= sec -1 0.5 with Q = 16 320 J mol-1 over a range of temperatures from 240 to 440 ~ C. From the solution to Fick's second law, it was shown that first term approximations, which have often been used in the past, lead to an estimate of diffusivity which is about a factor of 2 too high indicating that more terms should be considered. The diffusivity was also determined using a transient technique in which the decay in voltage upon removal of externally applied voltage was recorded as a function of time. The diffusivity so determined, in which it was assumed that the only polarization was the concentration polarization, was higher than the previous method. The difference between the two diffusivities became smaller with increasing temperature. These experiments thus suggested that interfacial or activation polarization must also be present.

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Determination of diffusivity of sodium in liquid tin using Na-ß″ alumina

Oakeson¹,

Virkar²

1984

J Mater Sci

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The Measurement of Diffusion Coefficients in Binary Liquid Metals with a Concentration Cell

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Review Selected properties of simple amalgams

Review Selected properties of simple amalgams

Determination of diffusivity of sodium in liquid tin using Na-�? alumina

Determination of diffusivity of sodium in liquid tin using Na-ß″ alumina

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