The Mechanochemical Self-Propagating Reaction between Hexachlorobenzene and Calcium Hydride

Mulas, G.; Loiselle, Steven; Schiffini, L.; Cocco, G.

doi:10.1006/jssc.1996.7238

Cited by 61 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Moreover, other studies have focused on the variation of the ignition time as a function of the composition of the reactant mixtures under otherwise identical experimental conditions [13,14]. However, all of these studies were performed in SPEX shaker mills because ignition time can be easily determined from the temperature profile measured on the outer surface of the vial by attaching a thermocouple.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the milling parameters on the mechanical work intensity in planetary mills

et al. 2013

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The formation of ZnSe via a mechanically-induced self-sustaining reaction (MSR) from a Zn/Se mixture showed that only size reduction and mixing of the reactants without product formation occurred during the induction period prior to ignition. Therefore, all mechanical energy supplied by the planetary mill during this time, called the ignition time (t ig ), was used exclusively in the activation of the reactants. This system was chosen to study the dependence of t ig on the main parameters characterising the milling intensity of planetary mills. The variation of the ignition time with the process conditions reflected changes in the mechanical dose rate of the planetary mill. A direct relationship between the inverse of the ignition time and the power of the planetary mill was established, which allows the validation of theoretical models proposed in the literature for the energy transfer in milling devices and the comparison of milling equipment efficiencies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the milling parameters on the mechanical work intensity in planetary mills

et al. 2013

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“…An example of a reaction between solids is the reduction of metal oxides in the presence of a strong reducing element [1,2], such as the reduction of CuO in the presence of Ca. Reactions between solids and a gas include the formation of hydrides, nitrides and oxides [3][4][5][6]. Hard materials such as TiN can thus be prepared, as well as catalysts [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation and reduction in copper/zinc oxides by mechanical milling

Castricum¹,

Bakker²,

Poels³

2001

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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When zinc oxide is milled under vacuum or in the presence of oxygen, creation of various types of defects results in an increased amorphous fraction, as well as higher surface area. Mechanochemical reactions occur when copper and copper oxides are milled together with zinc oxide: oxidation of copper and copper oxides takes place in the presence of oxygen, whereas reduction takes place under vacuum. These reactions are promoted by the presence of ZnO. Formation of a Cu 2 O-like intermediate is suggested, which is not observed when milled without ZnO. The various resulting copper species reduce at different temperatures in H 2 atmosphere. Both Cu 0 specific surfaces and BET surfaces are substantially increased for all milled Cu/ZnO samples, making this method an interesting alternative for the preparation of promoted heterogeneous catalysts.

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“…Calcium oxide (CaO) has been widely employed as additive in mechanochemical destruction to destroy various halogenated organic compounds like POPs, including pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) [9], perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) [10], mirex [11], pentachlorophenol (PCP) [12], tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) [13], polyvinyl chloride (PVC) [14], polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) [15], and hexachlorobenzene [16]. Hall et al [17] found that after 12 h of mechanochemical reaction of DDT with CaO, no organic materials was detected by GC-MS. Zhang et al [18] demonstrated that over 99 % of 3-chlorobiphenyl was decomposed by co-grinding 3-chlorobiphenyl with CaO for 6 h. And Zhang et al [19] also found that almost 100 % of debromination was achieved by grinding CaO with hexabromobenzene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanochemical degradation of hexachlorobenzene using Mg/Al2O3 as additive

Ren

Kang²,

Zhu

2015

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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In the present work, we investigate the destruction efficiency of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) by milling with various reagents in a planetary ball mill under different milling conditions. Under the same conditions of mill rotary rate and charge ratio, the mixture of magnesium powder and aluminum oxide (Mg/Al 2 O 3 ) was found best in promoting the destruction of HCB, which can be completed destroyed after 90 min grinding at a charge ratio of 20:1 (reagent/HCB, m/m), a ball mass/reagent mass ration of 30:1 and a mill rotation speed of 550 rpm. The ground samples were characterized and analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, gas chromatography (GC), X-ray diffraction and ion chromatography. The intermediate products, such as pentachlorobenzene, tetrachlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene isomers, dichlorobenzene and monochlorobenzene were detected by GC. Then the main dechlorination path way for HCB was proposed. With a series of verification experiments, the final degradation products of HCB were amorphous carbon and inorganic chlorine. Based on this study, Mg/Al 2 O 3 has the potential to complete the innocuous treatment of chlorinated compounds.

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The Mechanochemical Self-Propagating Reaction between Hexachlorobenzene and Calcium Hydride

Cited by 61 publications

References 16 publications

Influence of the milling parameters on the mechanical work intensity in planetary mills

Influence of the milling parameters on the mechanical work intensity in planetary mills

Oxidation and reduction in copper/zinc oxides by mechanical milling

Mechanochemical degradation of hexachlorobenzene using Mg/Al2O3 as additive

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