The Merits of a Decentralized Pollution-Monitoring System Based on Distributed Ledger Technology

Lucking, Markus; Kannengieber, Niclas; Kilgus, Maurice; Riedel, Till; Beigl, Michael; Sunyaev, Ali; Stork, Wilhelm

doi:10.1109/access.2020.3028430

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…The work of Lücking et al [29] used distributed ledger technologies to add attributes (e.g., accuracy, integrity, and reliability, among ten others), enhancing data quality verification of air pollution sensors. One of the motivations was the need for public authorities to have reliable pollution data, focusing on authenticity, availability, and tamper resistance.…”

Section: Trust In Lorawan and Iot Systems Supported By Blockchainmentioning

confidence: 99%

LoRaTRUST: Blockchain-Enabled Trust and Accountability Service for IoT Data

Vilchez

Jacques²,

Freitag

et al. 2023

Electronics

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Environmental monitoring is a growing application of the Internet of Things. The low cost of the sensor nodes, LoRa connectivity, and increased awareness of environmental issues have motivated many citizens to participate in open IoT monitoring applications. However, the value of these applications for decision makers is limited since the data from the IoT sensors do not have sufficient guarantees to be trusted. In this paper, we introduce a new concept that attributes value to both IoT data and devices, such as sensor nodes and gateways, and leverage distributed ledger technology to enable a data trust system. A first design decision was to assign Ethereum addresses with their associated public and private key pairs to all actors. This allows the authentication of data senders and hence the accounting for the contribution of each participant. Secondly, we introduce an auditor to validate the received IoT data. The results of these audits increase the trust in the quality of the data. We present the architectural components that we designed to enhance trust in open IoT monitoring applications and present an operational prototype to show the feasibility of the implementation. By achieving both trust in the data and accounting of contributions for giving rewards, open participatory IoT monitoring applications can become both valuable and sustainable. Then, trusted open monitoring may complement commercial solutions as a technical and economic alternative for addressing the increasing environmental monitoring needs of our society.

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Section: Trust In Lorawan and Iot Systems Supported By Blockchainmentioning

confidence: 99%

LoRaTRUST: Blockchain-Enabled Trust and Accountability Service for IoT Data

Vilchez

Jacques²,

Freitag

et al. 2023

Electronics

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“…Several works have combined blockchain with LoRa-based IoT applications. In [8] a decentralized pollution monitoring system based on blockchain is proposed. The authors detail a list of non-functional requirements that need to be fulfilled in order to achieve trusted data from the IoT nodes.…”

Section: Background and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Blockchain-Based Management for LoRa IoT Nodes

Harillo¹,

Freitag²

2023

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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We consider open IoT applications in which the IoT devices, i.e. sensor nodes and gateways, can be contributed by volunteer participants. Since the contribution of sensor deployments and their data is critical for the value of such IoT applications, we propose to account for each participant her donation of both the measured data and the hardware, and translate this information into rewards to create incentives.The system architecture we propose uses a blockchain-based backend and aims to extend properties of the blockchain to the IoT sensor layer in order to achieve the trusted accounting of each contribution. A potential use case that can benefit from this concept are environmental monitoring applications that need to integrate IoT sensor nodes from third parties for increasing their geographic reach.

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“…To move data sharing to data trading and increase the trust of X-Node controllers in data trading in open systems with unknown trading parties, open systems for data trading should offer a decentralized identity management, reputation management, and payments [18]. Among several applications of DLT (e.g., managing pollution data collection [34]), these three services can be provided in a decentralized manner using DLT.…”

Section: Open Data Trading With Distributed Ledger Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

When Data Fly: An Open Data Trading System in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

et al. 2021

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Communication between vehicles and their environment (i.e., vehicle-to-everything or V2X communication) in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) has become of particular importance for smart cities. However, economic challenges, such as the cost incurred by data sharing (e.g., due to power consumption), hinder the integration of data sharing in open systems into smart city applications, such as dynamic environmental zones. Moving from open data sharing to open data trading can address the economic challenges and incentivize vehicle drivers to share their data. In this context, integrating distributed ledger technology (DLT) into open systems for data trading is promising for reducing the transaction cost of payments in data trading, avoiding dependencies on third parties, and guaranteeing openness. However, because the integration of DLT conflicts with the short available communication time between fast moving objects in VANETs, it remains unclear how open data trading in VANETs using DLT should be designed to be viable. In this work, we present a system design for data trading in VANETs using DLT. We measure the required communication time for data trading between a vehicle and a roadside unit in a real scenario and estimate the associated cost. Our results show that the proposed system design is technically feasible and economically viable.

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The Merits of a Decentralized Pollution-Monitoring System Based on Distributed Ledger Technology

Cited by 15 publications

References 106 publications

LoRaTRUST: Blockchain-Enabled Trust and Accountability Service for IoT Data

LoRaTRUST: Blockchain-Enabled Trust and Accountability Service for IoT Data

Exploring Blockchain-Based Management for LoRa IoT Nodes

When Data Fly: An Open Data Trading System in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

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