The Mesozoic West and Central Africa Rift System (WCARS) and the older Kandi Shear Zone (KSZ): Rifting and tectonics of North Africa and South America and fragmentation of Gondwana based on geophysical investigations

Fairhead, J.D.

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2022.104817

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The aeromagnetic data of the Middle Niger Basin reveals that it differs from the Benue Trough in its orientation, trending NW‐SE instead of NE‐SW, and in its tectonics. The Middle Niger Basin has predominantly undergone orthogonal extension, while the Benue Trough has undergone wrench tectonics (Fairhead, 2023). On the other hand, there is general agreement about the geometry of the boundary fractures aligning with the orientations of the Middle Niger Basin and the Benue Trough.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Termit Basin primarily shows extensional characteristics but also features a sinistral transtensional tectonic regime and NE-trending transpressional anticlines (Fairhead, 2023). Both the Termit Basin and Middle Niger Basin share similarities in fault dimension and basin orientation.…”

Section: Age Evolution and Structure Of The Middle Niger Basin In Com...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is necessary to get minimum RMS error with maximum fit between the theoretical and observed magnetics models generated. Due to the magnetic technique depth limitations, which cannot effectively image structures deeper than the Curie isotherm depth, typically around 20 km (Fairhead, 2023). Therefore, profile B-Bʹ was selected for joint magnetic and gravity modeling of crustal structures since it shows various gravity anomalies along its length.…”

Section: -D Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Mesozoic era, the fragmentation of Africa's continental crust gave rise to the West and Central Africa Rift Systems (Fairhead, 2023). These rift systems, spanning from Nigeria to Kenya, are associated with extensional tectonics that played a pivotal role in the formation of the sedimentary basins in the region (Fairhead, 2023). Consequently, these regions hold significant importance in the global comprehension of extensional events that led to the creation of a series of rifted basins in Africa.…”

Section: Age Evolution and Structure Of The Middle Niger Basin In Com...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The white color arrows show the direction of crustal extension, and the black arrows show the strike‐slip directions. The yellow color shows the Afar and Cenozoic East Africa Rift System (Modified from Fairhead, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Middle Niger Basin in Nigeria Has a Rift Origin, as Revealed by the Inversion and Modeling of Gravity and Magnetic Data

Salawu,

Omosanya,

Fournier

2024

Earth and Space Science

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The NW‐SE oriented Middle Niger Basin, which is a Campano‐Maastrichtian inland basin has been the subject of debate among geoscientists regarding its origin and development. This paper aims to unravel the basin's origin and evolution by using high‐resolution magnetic, gravity, and topographical data. The integration of aeromagnetic and gravity data provides a means to assess the influence of igneous intrusions during the basin's evolution. The study presents a new perspective on the origin of the basin, suggesting a rift origin where orthogonal extension played a crucial role in its evolution. The research also investigates the relationship between intrusive rocks and the formation of the basin, finding these rocks are solely located within the basement. The magnetic and gravity maps reveal anomalies associated with intrusive structures within the Precambrian crystalline basement. This is a common feature shared with rifted basins on a global scale.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Age Evolution and Structure Of The Middle Niger Basin In Com...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -D Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Age Evolution and Structure Of The Middle Niger Basin In Com...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Middle Niger Basin in Nigeria Has a Rift Origin, as Revealed by the Inversion and Modeling of Gravity and Magnetic Data

Salawu,

Omosanya,

Fournier

2024

Earth and Space Science

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Multi‐Parameter Investigation of Cretaceous to Palaeocene Sedimentary Sequences in the Anambra and Niger Delta Basins, Nigeria: Organic Matter Characterisation, Palynofacies and Implications for Palaeoclimate and Sea‐Level Changes

Omietimi,

Lenhardt,

Yang

et al. 2024

Geological Journal

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The Anambra Basin of Nigeria, part of the larger West and Central African Rift System (WCARS) across Africa, contains primarily Cretaceous to Palaeocene shallow to marginal marine and freshwater sedimentary deposits. The organic‐rich deposits of the Cretaceous Nkporo and Mamu formations within the Anambra Basin and the Palaeocene Imo Formation of the Niger Delta Basin constitute important conventional source rocks. Despite its economic significance, research on organic matter characterisation, palynofacies, sea‐level fluctuations, palaeoclimate, hydrogeography, basin restriction, palaeobathymetry and the factors controlling organic matter preservation remains largely undocumented. The here presented new inorganic and organic geochemical and organic petrography data of the Cretaceous to Palaeocene deposits serve to refine the regional interpretation at a basinal scale and within the supra‐regional context of the WCARS. Geochemical palaeotemperature proxies suggest a warm and humid tropical palaeoclimate during the Late Cretaceous within the study area. Furthermore, the measured TOC values indicate poor to very good organic content. Palynofacies analysis revealed high abundances of opaque and translucent phytoclasts and low amounts of palynomorphs with negligible amorphous organic matter (AOM) in the studied mudrocks. Two palynofacies groups suggest shallow‐marine conditions in a proximal shelf setting and a heterolithic oxic basin. The palynofacies of the upper Imo Formation reveal higher percentages of dinoflagellate cysts during the early highstand phase, with equidimensional, opaque phytoclasts representing the maximum flooding phase, accompanied by warmer conditions. Additionally, abundant terrestrial phytoclasts, Deltoidospora spp., Classopollis spp. and geochemical indicators collectively indicate warm tropical climatic conditions consistent with geochemical interpretations. The palaeobathymetry reconstructions suggest a shallow seaway during the Upper Cretaceous in the Anambra Basin.

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Deep Crustal and Upper Mantle Structures in North Africa: A Review

Basheer

2024

Regional Geology Reviews

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The Mesozoic West and Central Africa Rift System (WCARS) and the older Kandi Shear Zone (KSZ): Rifting and tectonics of North Africa and South America and fragmentation of Gondwana based on geophysical investigations

Cited by 16 publications

References 49 publications

The Middle Niger Basin in Nigeria Has a Rift Origin, as Revealed by the Inversion and Modeling of Gravity and Magnetic Data

The Middle Niger Basin in Nigeria Has a Rift Origin, as Revealed by the Inversion and Modeling of Gravity and Magnetic Data

Multi‐Parameter Investigation of Cretaceous to Palaeocene Sedimentary Sequences in the Anambra and Niger Delta Basins, Nigeria: Organic Matter Characterisation, Palynofacies and Implications for Palaeoclimate and Sea‐Level Changes

Deep Crustal and Upper Mantle Structures in North Africa: A Review

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