The Method of Preventing the Longitudinal Rolling Out of the Aircraft Outside the Runway

Abstract

Rolling the aircraft off the runway is one of the most common causes of air crashes in the world (i.e., accidents with casualties). Sometimes it is called “number one killer” in civil aviation. According to statistics from the IATA (International Air Transport Association), approximately 24 % of the victims accounted for this type of incident. Important factors leading to accidents and flight accidents of aircraft on the runway are the actual condition of the runway coverage and the prevailing weather conditions of the aerodrome. Analysis of the actual state of the airfield network of the Russian Federation, taking into account the factor of the state and size of the runway, showed that from 1992 to the present, the number of existing airports and airfields has decreased from 1,300 to 330, and out of 162 aerodromes of federal significance, 63% can “contribute” to increased risks during takeoff and landing of aircraft. At the landing stage, the greatest danger is that the aircraft rolls out of the runway. Rolling out accounted for about a quarter of all incidents and accidents on air transport and 96 % of all events that occurred on the runway, including 80 % of all accidents. So, according to the WAAS (World Aircraft Accident Summary – Ascend, World Accident Data Foundation), from 1998 to 2007. 141 cases of rolling-out were registered in the world civil aviation, as a result of which 550 people died. Usually, as the aircraft rolls out of the runway, the airframe and landing gear are destroyed. The task of minimizing the risks of aircraft rolling out on landing is of great practical importance. This is due to the fact that, on the one hand, in recent decades there has been a constant increase in the size and mass of cruise ships and, consequently, an increase in landing speed and the required landing distance, which increases the likelihood of rolling out. To solve this problem, it is necessary to develop appropriate methodological support. In the article, the authors propose a new method to prevent longitudinal rolling of aircraft beyond the runway limits at the landing stage.