The methodology and efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy, occupational therapy, and speech/language therapy: A critical review

Abstract

IntroductionWhile no 'cure' for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) currently exists, individuals with the diagnosis must depend on an individualised treatment strategy to improve symp toms commonly associated with the disorder, such as deficits in social, behavioural and language skills. Neuropharmacological options have been proposed as means to ameliorate these symptoms, although their effectiveness is currently unclear, and such agents often induce a variety of side effects. At the same time, psychosocial interventions have recently shown a great potential to enhance cognitive and behavioural abilities in autistic children without any costs to their health. The aim of this review was to discuss the methodology and efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy, occupational therapy and speech/language therapy. Materials and MethodsSearches were conducted through PubMed, selecting for studies that intended to test the following interventions specifically in a sample consisting of children with ASD: cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), occupational therapy (OT) and speech/language therapy. Only research published in the past 5 years (2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013) and written in English was used for this review.