The Mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae Hosts Population-Specific Microbiomes That Respond Weakly to Starvation

Nešvorná, Marta; Bittner, Václav; Hubert, Jan

doi:10.1007/s00248-018-1224-y

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…ZOTUs of Flavobacterium and Ferruginibacter were among the most abundant in fully fed tardigrades, consistent with the results of Vecchi et al [ 29 ] and Murakami et al [ 9 ]. However, their absence in starved tardigrades suggests that microbiome bacteria may change during starvation, as occurs in animals [ 55 , 56 ] ( Fig 3 ). In contrast, we did not find sequences belonging to Rickettsiales , which were indicated as potential symbionts of tardigrades and plecopterans by Vecchi et al [ 29 ] and Murakami et al [ 9 ], respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic and symbiotic links between obligate-glacier water bears (Tardigrada) and cryoconite microorganisms

et al. 2022

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Insights into biodiversity and trophic webs are important for understanding ecosystem functions. Although the surfaces of glaciers are one of the most productive and biologically diverse parts of the cryosphere, the links between top consumers, their diet and microbial communities are poorly understood. In this study, for the first time we investigated the relationships between bacteria, fungi and other microeukaryotes as they relate to tardigrades, microscopic metazoans that are top consumers in cryoconite, a biologically rich and productive biogenic sediment found on glacier surfaces. Using metabarcoding (16S rDNA for bacteria, ITS1 for fungi, and 18S rDNA for other microeukaryotes), we analyzed the microbial community structures of cryoconite and compared them with the community found in both fully fed and starved tardigrades. The community structure of each microbial group (bacteria, fungi, microeukaryotes) were similar within each host group (cryoconite, fully fed tardigrades and starved tardigrades), and differed significantly between groups, as indicated by redundancy analyses. The relative number of operational taxonomic units (ZOTUs, OTUs) and the Shannon index differed significantly between cryoconite and tardigrades. Species indicator analysis highlighted a group of microbial taxa typical of both fully fed and starved tardigrades (potential commensals), like the bacteria of the genera Staphylococcus and Stenotrophomonas, as well as a group of taxa typical of both cryoconite and fully fed tardigrades (likely part of the tardigrade diet; bacteria Flavobacterium sp., fungi Preussia sp., algae Trebouxiophyceae sp.). Tardigrades are consumers of bacteria, fungi and other microeukaryotes in cryoconite and, being hosts for diverse microbes, their presence can enrich the microbiome of glaciers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic and symbiotic links between obligate-glacier water bears (Tardigrada) and cryoconite microorganisms

et al. 2022

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“…We used a previously described protocol [47]. Respiration was measured using an IRGA gas analyzer and respiration apparatus (catalog no.…”

Section: Respiration Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome variation during culture growth of the European house dust mite,Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus

Nešvorná

Pekár

Shcherbachenko

et al. 2021

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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In culture, the house dust mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, shows different growth patterns, but the composition and changes in the associated microbial community during mite culture growth are poorly known. In this study, we analyzed temporal changes in microbial communities including ‘internal’ communities (inside mites, ingested) and ‘environmental’ communities (from culture environment). Microbial community structure was correlated with guanine content (a nitrogenous waste product of mites) and mite population density. Both internal and environmental microbial communities were remarkably consistent between biological replicates from the same culture age group and were composed of relatively few dominant taxa–11 bacterial and 3 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Significant changes over time in microbial community structure in the bulk culture environment and in internal mite samples were observed. The yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a main component of the mite diet, gradually disappeared during mite culture growth and was replaced by fungi from the genera Aspergillus and Candida in both ‘internal’ and ‘environmental’ samples. In environmental samples, bacteria from the genus Lactobacillus and S. cerevisiae were negatively correlated, and Aspergillus and Candida positively correlated, with guanine content. The relative abundance of bacteria from the genus Kocuria increased with mite density but declined with increasing guanine content. The relative abundance of bacteria from the genus Virgibacillus was negatively correlated with mite density in ‘internal’ samples. Gram-positive bacteria dominated bacterial microbiomes at all time points in our experiments, indicating a more limited possibility for vaccine contamination by bacterial endotoxins (heat-stable lipopolysaccharides produced mostly by Gram-negative bacteria) in our experimental cultures.

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“…Culture 5K mites are asymbiotic. Bartonella -like bacteria and Bacillus have been detected in feces from all four studied cultures ( Erban et al, 2016a ; Hubert et al, 2018 ; Nesvorna et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The mites were kept in our rearing facility from the time of collection on stored product mite diet consisted of mixture of oat flakes, wheat germs, and Mauripan dried yeast extract (AB Mauri, Hampton, Peterborough, United Kingdom) (ratio 10:10:1 wt) (5L, 5K, 5P) or a dog food kernel diet (5N). A detailed protocol describing mite rearing has been published previously ( Erban et al, 2016a ; Hubert et al, 2018 ; Nesvorna et al, 2019 ). These mite populations have differing intracellular symbiont compositions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the dominant members of T. putrescentiae community are intracellular symbiont Wolbachia and gut symbiont Bartonella -like, we focused on their quantification by qPCR ( Hubert et al, 2018 ) as suitable markers for feces transmitted ( Bartonella -like) and eggs transmitted ( Wolbachia ) bacteria. Absolute quantification of Bartonella -like and Wolbachia taxa using qPCR targeting 16S RNA genes was performed as described previously ( Kopecky et al, 2014 ; Nesvorna et al, 2019 ). Bacterial abundance was normalized to a per-mite basis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Negative Effects of Feces-Associated Microorganisms on the Fitness of the Stored Product Mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae

2022

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Feces have been suggested as a major source of microorganisms for recolonization of the gut of stored product mites via coprophagy. The mites can host microorganisms that decrease their fitness, but their transmission is not known. To address the role of fecal microbiota on mite fitness, we performed an experimental study in which the surfaces of mite (Tyrophagus putrescentiae) eggs were sterilized. Mites eggs (15 per experimental box) were then hatched and grown on feedstock with and without feces. These experiments were conducted with four distinct T. putrescentiae populations (5L, 5K, 5N, and 5P), and mite population density after 21 day of cultivation was used to assess mite fitness and the impact of fecal microbiota on fitness. Population density was not affected by the presence of feces in two of the cultures (5L and 5K), while significant effects of feces were observed in the other cultures (5N and 5P). Mite culture microbial communities were analyzed using cultivation-independent next-generation amplicon sequencing of microbial 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes in the fitness influenced populations (5N and 5P). Several microbial taxa were associated with fecal treatments and reduced mite fitness, including Staphylococcus and Bartonella-like bacteria, and the fungal genera Yamadazyma, Candida, and Aspergillus. Although coprophagy is the transmission route mites used to obtain beneficial gut bacteria such as Bartonella-like organisms, the results of this study demonstrate that fecal-associated microorganisms can have negative effects on some populations of T. putrescentiae fitness, and this may counteract the positive effects of gut symbiont acquisition.

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The Mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae Hosts Population-Specific Microbiomes That Respond Weakly to Starvation

Cited by 16 publications

References 75 publications

Trophic and symbiotic links between obligate-glacier water bears (Tardigrada) and cryoconite microorganisms

Trophic and symbiotic links between obligate-glacier water bears (Tardigrada) and cryoconite microorganisms

Microbiome variation during culture growth of the European house dust mite,Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus

The Negative Effects of Feces-Associated Microorganisms on the Fitness of the Stored Product Mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae

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