The Mixed Fermentation Technology of Solid Wastes of Agricultural Biomass

Abstract

Due to the large quantity and wide range of solid wastes of the biomass, and the dual characteristics of pollution and resource utilization, the energy utilization of anaerobic fermentation can promote its pollution control, so the mixed fermentation technology of solid wastes of agricultural biomass was studied. Corn straw, pig manure, and kitchen waste were selected as solid wastes of agricultural biomass. A system including a temperature control device, a fermentation device and a gas gathering device is used to measure the content and pH value of biogas and methane. Physical, chemical, and biological pretreatment methods were used to strengthen the anaerobic reference of biomass, and the mixed fermentation of different biomass was used to complete the anaerobic fermentation of a variety of solid wastes of agricultural biomass. The results showed that pig manure and corn straw were suitable for medium temperature fermentation at 30 • C, while cow manure and corn straw were suitable for high temperature fermentation at 60 • C. In the process of anaerobic fertilization, when the ratio of cow dung to sludge is 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 respectively, the methane content is shown as follows: (1) The first 130 days are relatively stable and then slowly decreased; (2) The first 120 days are slowly increased, and then it rises to the maximum value at 140 days and then remains unchanged; (3) It remains at 2% all the time. After the mixture of cow manure and sludge, the higher the proportion of cow manure is, the higher the pH value in the initial stage of anaerobic fertilization is. The higher the basicity of methanogens in the fermentation liquid inside the fermentation tank is, the higher the pH value of the system is, and the basicity of methanogens has a significant positive correlation with the crude protein content of biomass.

Biochemical Characterization of Cellulase From Bacillus subtilis Strain and its Effect on Digestibility and Structural Modifications of Lignocellulose Rich Biomass

“…The cellulase activity was measured by the amount of reducing sugars released per mL of sample per min under assay conditions. Endoglucanase and exoglucanase activities were determined by the 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid method (DNS) (Miller, 1959) using CMC and FP as substrate, respectively (Zhang et al, 2020). The glucoamylase activity was estimated by the method followed by Sadalage et al (2020) where 1% (w/v) starch was used as substrate.…”

“…Biological pretreatment to LCB employing microorganisms or their enzymes offers an ecofriendly process for biomass processing. This method is achieving much importance as it can be performed under mild conditions, consume less energy, and hardly generates any toxic substances, thus offering an environmentally sound process (Baramee et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020). Cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes greatly contribute in the conversion of agro-based LCB into valuable products i.e.…”

Effects of different microbial agents on bedding treatment of ectopic fermentation of buffalo manure

“…Secondly, the anaerobic fermentation bedding production model ( Tasnim et al, 2017 ). The manure from cattle farms is collected in a fermenter with the addition of bacterium for anaerobic fermentation (biogas fermentation; Ozbayram et al, 2018 ), and after the completion of fermentation, the solid digestate is separated out through solid–liquid separation and can be used as bedding after simple treatment ( Zhang et al, 2020 ). This method is simple, low cost, and short cycle time ( Zhang et al, 2018 ), but the most effective results are at 30°C–45°C for medium temperature anaerobic fermentation, incomplete harmlessness ( Díaz et al, 2016 ), and high gas production efficiency, low solids content, and relatively low output of recovered bovine manure solids ( Wang et al, 2017 ).…”