The model SIRANE for atmospheric urban pollutant dispersion. PART III: Validation against NO2 yearly concentration measurements in a large urban agglomeration

Soulhac, Lionel; Nguyen, Chi Vuong; Volta, P.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.08.034

Cited by 44 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…SIRANE is an urban dispersion model that integrates a specific module to simulate pollutant dispersion within a built environment, considering local meteorological conditions and geometry of the streets. The comparison of this dispersion model with measured designs of NO2, PM10, dioxin and cadmium in the Lyon metropolitan area, showed consistent results . Overall findings showed strong concordance between the GIS‐based metric and the dispersion models, with wκ ranging from 0.69 (0.64–0.73) to 0.86 (0.82–0.91) and R 2 from 0.65 to 0.86 .…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 59%

Chronic long‐term exposure to cadmium air pollution and breast cancer risk in the French E3N cohort

Amadou

Praud

Coudon

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Cadmium, due to its estrogen‐like activity, has been suspected to increase the risk of breast cancer; however, epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent findings. We conducted a case–control study (4,059 cases and 4,059 matched controls) nested within the E3N French cohort study to estimate the risk of breast cancer associated with long‐term exposure to airborne cadmium pollution, and its effect according to molecular subtype of breast cancer (estrogen receptor negative/positive [ER−/ER+] and progesterone receptor negative/positive [PR−/PR+]). Atmospheric exposure to cadmium was assessed using a Geographic Information System‐based metric, which included subject's residence‐to‐cadmium source distance, wind direction, exposure duration and stack height. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression. Overall, there was no significant association between cumulative dose of airborne cadmium exposure and the risk of overall, premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer. However, by ER and PR status, inverse associations were observed for ER− (ORQ5 vs. Q1 = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.41–0.95, ptrend = 0.043) and for ER−/PR− breast tumors (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.40–0.95, ORQ5 vs. Q1 = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.42–1.07, ptrend = 0.088). Our study provides no evidence of an association between exposure to cadmium and risk of breast cancer overall but suggests that cadmium might be related to a decreased risk of ER− and ER−/PR− breast tumors. These observations and other possible effects linked to hormone receptor status warrant further investigations.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 59%

Chronic long‐term exposure to cadmium air pollution and breast cancer risk in the French E3N cohort

Amadou

Praud

Coudon

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…As already mentioned, Equation (2) represents an over-simplification of the chemical processes occurring in the urban atmosphere. Nevertheless, validation studies [70,72] show good agreement between SIRANE results, obtained adopting this simplified chemical scheme, and on-site measurements.…”

Section: Modelling Chemical Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The input data are the urban geometry, the meteorological data, the locations and the modulations of the emissions (represented as point, line, and surface sources) and the hourly evolution of the background concentration, i.e., the concentration due to sources placed outside the domain. More details on the SIRANE model can be found in Soulhac et al [69] and Soulhac et al [72].…”

Section: The Sirane Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The case study is the same as that used for an extensive analysis of the performances of the SIRANE model, recently presented by Soulhac et al [72].…”

Section: Case Study-the Lyon Urban Agglomerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The purpose of this is to avoid stability conditions (here estimated by means of cloud cover measurements) that rarely occur over an urban area, due to the heat anthropogenic fluxes and the wind shear induced by the presence of the urban canopy. Further details on the input data and the model set-up can be found in Soulhac et al [72].…”

Section: Case Study-the Lyon Urban Agglomerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Source Apportionment and Data Assimilation in Urban Air Quality Modelling for NO2: The Lyon Case Study

2018

Self Cite

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Abstract:Developing effective strategies for reducing the atmospheric pollutant concentrations below regulatory threshold levels requires identifying the main origins/sources of air pollution. This can be achieved by implementing so called source apportionment methods in atmospheric dispersion models. This study presents the results of a source apportionment module implemented in the SIRANE urban air-quality model. This module uses the tagged species approach and includes two methods, named SA-NO and SA-NOX, in order to evaluate the sources' contributions to the NO 2 concentrations in air. We also present results of a data assimilation method, named SALS, that uses the source apportionment estimates to improve the accuracy of the SIRANE model results. The source apportionment module and the assimilation method have been tested on a real case study (the urban agglomeration of Lyon, France, for the year 2008) focusing on the NO 2 emissions and concentrations. Results of the source apportionment with the SA-NO and SA-NOX models are similar. Both models show that traffic is the main cause of NO 2 air pollution in the studied area. Results of the SALS data assimilation method highlights its ability in improving the predictions of an urban atmospheric models.

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Street canyon ventilation: Combined effect of cross‐section geometry and wall heating

Ridolfi

Salizzoni

2020

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Understanding the dynamics of mass exchange between a street canyon and the overlying atmosphere is crucial to predict air quality in urban areas. Despite the large number of studies on this topic, there are many aspects that still need to be clarified. Among these, one is certainly the role of thermal stratification in street canyon ventilation. In order to fill this gap, this study evaluates how the combined effect of street canyon geometry, wall roughness and differential heating of the building facades influences pollutant dispersion within the canyon and out of it. The study was carried out in a wind tunnel, adopting an idealized urban geometry made up of square bars placed normal to the wind direction. The boundary conditions inside the canyon were modified by heating its windward and leeward walls, by changing its aspect ratio and by introducing roughness elements at the walls. A passive scalar was injected from a line source at ground level. The flow and concentration fields were measured in a cross‐section of the canyon. Characteristic exchange velocities within the canyon and towards the external flow were estimated comparing the experimental data with an analytical model for the cavity wash‐out. Results show that the transition from one recirculating cell to two counter‐rotating cells inhibits canyon ventilation, with a consequent increase in pollutant concentration at the pedestrian level. This transition occurs as the cavity aspect ratio increases and is facilitated by adding roughness elements at the windward wall. Heating the leeward wall has negligible effects on canyon ventilation. Heating the windward wall accelerates pollutant removals in square cavities, while it contributes to a worsening of air quality in narrow cavities. Finally, the wash‐out times of the cavity are discussed in terms of a relative contribution of the mean advective motion and its turbulent counterpart.

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The model SIRANE for atmospheric urban pollutant dispersion. PART III: Validation against NO2 yearly concentration measurements in a large urban agglomeration

Cited by 44 publications

References 29 publications

Chronic long‐term exposure to cadmium air pollution and breast cancer risk in the French E3N cohort

Chronic long‐term exposure to cadmium air pollution and breast cancer risk in the French E3N cohort

Source Apportionment and Data Assimilation in Urban Air Quality Modelling for NO2: The Lyon Case Study

Street canyon ventilation: Combined effect of cross‐section geometry and wall heating

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