The Modification of the Oxidative Metabolism of Cells Derived Both Locally and at Distance From the Site of an Acute Inflammatory Reaction

Abstract

During an acute nonspecific inflammatory reaction initiated in the pleural cavity by a nondiffusible stimulus (calcium pyrophosphate crystals), the oxidative metabolism, as measured by chemiluminescence and superoxide release, of cells harvested from both the inflammatory site and at points distant from it was studied. The oxidative metabolism of peritoneal macrophages, obtained from rats undergoing an inflammatory reaction (pleurisy), demonstrated a transient decrease in activity compared with the resident population when using both zymosan and phorbol myristate acetate as stimulants. This metabolic unresponsiveness induced by inflammation may be related to the concomitant changes in the levels of prostacyclin in the peritoneal cavity. It should be emphasized that the peritoneal cellular composition or number did not change during these events. On the other hand alveolar macrophages from inflamed animals showed no significant changes in their superoxide production or chemiluminescence compared to controls. The precise reason for these inflammation-induced changes is unknown; however the acute nonspecific inflammatory reaction was able to modulate the oxidative metabolism of cells not only at the site of inflammation, but at points distant from it.

The modulation of peritoneal macrophage chemiluminescence by acute pleural inflammation, prostanoids and cyclo/lipoxygenase inhibitors

“…This phenomenon did not seem to be related to release of endogenous corticosteroids since the same results were obtained with adrenalectomised animals. The decrease in CL response did not appear to be due to impaired binding and internalisation of zymosan because similar results [11] have been obtained using a soluble (Phorbol myristate acetate) stimulus suggesting the cells were metabolically less responsive. It must be emphasized that during this phenomenon the cell population in the peritoneal cavity was unchanged in terms of total number, gross morphology and staining characteristics for esterase and peroxidase.…”

Lipopolysaccharide-induced up-regulation of activated macrophages in the degenerating taste system

“…Activation of resident macrophages would result in additional release of cytokines, spreading outward toward taste receptor cells. In fact, paracrine effects of macrophages have been shown at sites distant to the initial inflammation in vivo (Bird et al, 1985) and in vitro (Ko et al, 2002).…”

Interaction Between the Respiratory Burst Activity of Neutrophil Leukocytes and Experimentally Induced Escherichia coli Mastitis in Cows

“…73, No. 4,1990 was tested in parallel with the decrease in milk and a-lactalbumin production during mastitis, a significant negative correlation was obtained with both stimuli. From these results, it was concluded that: 1) a high phagocytic potency and 2 ) elevated blood neutrophil numbers in combination with a high ROS-producing competence limited bacterial replication in the mammary gland.…”

“…73, No. 4,1990 and local antibiotic treatment: 1) after the morning milking polymyxin B (500,000 IU, PomesulB, Bayer, Brussels) was injected into inflamed quarters; and 2) trimethoprim (1 g) plus sulfadoxin (5 g) was injected twice a day i.v. (Duoprim@, Coopers Agrovet, Aalst, Belgium).…”