The modified 2VO ischemia protocol causes cognitive impairment similar to that induced by the standard method, but with a better survival rate

The effect of <italic>Scutellaria baicalensis</italic> stem-leaf flavonoids on spatial learning and memory in chronic cerebral ischemia-induced vascular dementia of rats

“…Chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) was induced in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (480-600 g, 19 months; Experimental Animal Center of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University) through bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAo) as described previously [28]. Briefly, the rat was anesthetized with halothane, then the common carotid was exposed and occluded with 4-0 silk suture with a 3-day interval between interventions, the left common carotid being the first to be manipulated and the right one being ligated permanently 3 days later.…”

Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Induced Synaptic Proteome Changes in the rat Cerebral Cortex

“…For better survival rate and to avoid the acute ischemic stroke, we used a CCH model where BCCAO was induced with one-week interval between occlusions of the left and right common carotid arteries (Cechetti et al, 2010), which leads to a more gradual development of CCH in the brain (Jing et al, 2015). The rat is a frequently used species of this model due to its good recovery rate from surgery, the good reproducibility, and because the complete circle of Willis allows permanent carotid occlusion during a period of reduced blood flow after the onset of BCCAO.…”

A modified bilateral carotid artery stenosis procedure to develop a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rat model with an increased survival rate

“…Many modified 2VO protocols have been explored to minimize the number of animals used in research by alleviating the sudden reduction of CBF. Cechetti et al (2010Cechetti et al ( , 2012 demonstrated that rats that had two common carotid arteries (CCAs) occluded separately with a 1-week interval exhibited similar behavioral and morphological outcomes but an increased survival rate (90%) compared with rats treated with a standard 2VO procedure. Shibata et al demonstrated that the bilateral placement of microcoils with an inner diameter of 0.18 mm on the CCAs in mice was an effective method to establish a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model (Shibata et al, 2004).…”