The modified fouling index using ultrafiltration membranes (MFI-UF): characterisation, filtration mechanisms and proposed reference membrane

Boerlage, Śiobhàn F.E.; Kennedy, Maria D.; Dickson, M. R.; El-Hodali, Dima E.Y.; Schippers, Jan C.

doi:10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00618-4

Cited by 200 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…All flux measurements were conducted under filtration conditions in a stirred cell that simulates the shear seen in cross-flow membrane systems; this technique is widely used for rapid evaluation of fouling trends (49,69) and has been used for the development of fouling indices. Flux experiments were performed immediately following biofilm growth using 0, 5, 10, and 15 mM NaCl.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living biofouling-resistant membranes as a model for the beneficial use of engineered biofilms

Wood

Guha

Tang

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Membrane systems are used increasingly for water treatment, recycling water from wastewater, during food processing, and energy production. They thus are a key technology to ensure water, energy, and food sustainability. However, biofouling, the build-up of microbes and their polymeric matrix, clogs these systems and reduces their efficiency. Realizing that a microbial film is inevitable, we engineered a beneficial biofilm that prevents membrane biofouling, limiting its own thickness by sensing the number of its cells that are present via a quorum-sensing circuit. The beneficial biofilm also prevents biofilm formation by deleterious bacteria by secreting nitric oxide, a general biofilm dispersal agent, as demonstrated by both short-term dead-end filtration and long-term cross-flow filtration tests. In addition, the beneficial biofilm was engineered to produce an epoxide hydrolase so that it efficiently removes the environmental pollutant epichlorohydrin. Thus, we have created a living biofouling-resistant membrane system that simultaneously reduces biofouling and provides a platform for biodegradation of persistent organic pollutants.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living biofouling-resistant membranes as a model for the beneficial use of engineered biofilms

Wood

Guha

Tang

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…In this case, derivation of this index is very empirical and is not based on any mechanisms of fouling [31,34]. For these reaons, SDI should not be used as input in the mathematical model to predict fouling rates [35]. To overcome the limitations of SDI, J.C. Schippers and J. Verdouw [31] proposed a different parameter: membrane fouling index (MFI).…”

Section: Silt Density Index (Sdi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review on Predicting Fouling in RO Desalination

Ruiz-García¹,

Melián-Martel²,

I³

2017

Preprint

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RO membrane fouling is one of the main challenges that membrane manufactures, the scientific community and industry professionals have to deal with. The consequences of this inevitable phenomenon have a negative effect on the performance of the desalination system. Predicting fouling in RO systems is key to evaluating the long-term operating conditions and costs. Much research has been done on fouling indices, methods, techniques and prediction models to estimate the influence of fouling on the performance of RO systems. This paper offers a critical review evaluating the state of industry knowledge in the development of fouling indices and models in membrane systems for desalination in terms of use and applicability. Despite major efforts in this field, there are gaps in terms of effective methods and models for the estimation of fouling in full-scale RO desalination plants. In existing models applied to full-scale RO desalination plants, neither the spacer geometry of membranes nor the efficiency and frequency of chemical cleaningswhich play an important role in the performance of this process -are considered.

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“…Among them, three kinds of blocking models (complete blocking, standard blocking and intermediate blocking) and the cake filtration model (illustrated in Figure 1), described by Equation (1)-(4), respectively, have been commonly used to analyze the constant-pressure dead-end membrane filtration process for MF [11], UF [12], and even NF/RO [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From these equations, four data plots have been proposed where the linearity of the filtration data in the plot of d(V/A)/dt ~ V/A, t/(V/A) ~ t, dt/d(V/A) ~ t and t/(V/A) ~ V/A offers proof of the complete blocking, standard blocking, intermediate blocking, and cake filtration model, respectively [12]. In these equations, V/A in place of V is used in order to compensate for the effects of the different membrane areas in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Fouling Potential of Secondary Effluent Organic Matter (EfOM) from Conventional Activated Sludge Process

Wei

Amy

2012

J. Memb. Separ. Tech.

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Secondary effluent organic matter (EfOM) from a conventional activated sludge process was filtered through constant-pressure dead-end filtration tests with a sequential ultrafiltration (UF, molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of 10k Dalton) and nanofiltration (NF, MWCO of 200 Dalton) array to investigate its membrane fouling potential. Advanced analytical methods including liquid chromatography with online carbon detection (LC-OCD) and fluorescent excitation-emission matrix (F-EEM) were employed for EfOM characterization. EfOM consisted of humic substances and building blocks, low molecular weight (LMW) neutrals, biopolymers (mainly proteins) and hydrophobic organics according to the sequence of their organic carbon fractions. The UF rejected only biopolymers and the NF rejected most humics and building blocks and a significant part of LMW neutrals. Simultaneous occurrence of cake layer and standard blocking during the filtration process of both UF and NF was identified according to constant-pressure filtration equations, which was possibly caused by the heterogeneous nature of EfOM with a wide MW distribution (several ten to several million Dalton). Thus the corresponding two fouling indices (kc for cake layer and ks for standard blocking) from UF and NF could characterize the fouling potential of macromolecular biopolymers and low to intermediate MW organics (including humics, building blocks, LMW neutrals), respectively. Compared with macromolecular biopolymers, low to intermediate MW organics exhibited a much higher fouling potential due to their lower molecular weight and higher concentration.

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The modified fouling index using ultrafiltration membranes (MFI-UF): characterisation, filtration mechanisms and proposed reference membrane

Cited by 200 publications

References 17 publications

Living biofouling-resistant membranes as a model for the beneficial use of engineered biofilms

Living biofouling-resistant membranes as a model for the beneficial use of engineered biofilms

A Critical Review on Predicting Fouling in RO Desalination

Membrane Fouling Potential of Secondary Effluent Organic Matter (EfOM) from Conventional Activated Sludge Process

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