The most common conditions in children that require haemodialysis

Abstract

Haemodialysis is a fast and efficient method for removing toxins from the body in a straightforward manner. This has been a regular practice at the Paediatric Clinic in Sarajevo, Department of Paediatric Intensive Therapy since January 2009. By December 2014 there were 34 patients treated by haemodialysis, who had undergone 253 haemodialyses in total. There were 18 (52.9%) primary nephrologic patients, while 16 (41.05%) were patients whose renal failure was caused by other etiology. The main objective of this paper is to present the most common conditions in childhood that require haemodialysis in its treatment. The Department of Paediatric Intensive Therapy for this period had hospitalized 1,226 patients in total. Out of this number 2.77% of patients required the application of haemodialysis in their treatment. The results show that the most common renal causes to perform haemodialysis are: haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), chronic renal failure, nephrotic syndrome and congenital bilateral nephrolithiasis. For the others, the most common nonrenal causes are multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) that occurs as a result of cardiac insufficiency, hepatic insufficiency or after surgeries, as well as in hemato-oncologic diseases.